1. Tracks Connections: Monitors active connections in a state table. This table stores information about each connection, including source and destination IP addresses, source and destination ports, and the current state of the connection (e.g., established, related, new). | 1. Tracks Connections: Monitors active connections in a state table. This table stores information about each connection, including source and destination IP addresses, source and destination ports, and the current state of the connection (e.g., established, related, new). |