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Template:Networking rutos manual routing (view source)
Revision as of 14:19, 7 May 2020
, 14:19, 7 May 2020Created page with "==Summary== This chapter is an overview of the Routing section in RUTX devices. ==Static Routes== Static routes specify over which interface and gateway a certain host or n..."
==Summary==
This chapter is an overview of the Routing section in RUTX devices.
==Static Routes==
Static routes specify over which interface and gateway a certain host or network can be reached. In this page you can configure your own custom routes.
===Static IPv4 Routes===
----
Below is an example and information about Static IPv4 Routes.
[[File:Networking_RUTX_manual_static_routes_ipv4_v1.png|alt=|border|center|1150x1150px]]
<table class="nd-mantable"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td>Interface</td><td>Default: '''lan'''</td><td>The zone where the target network resides</td></tr><tr><td>Target<span class="asterisk">*</span></td><td>IPv4; Default: <b>0.0.0.0</b></td><td>The address of the destination network</td></tr><tr><td>Netmask<span class="asterisk">*</span></td><td>Default: <b>255.255.255.255</b></td><td>A Mask that is applied to the Target to determine to what actual IP addresses the routing rule applies</td></tr><tr><td>Gateway</td><td>IP; Default: '''0.0.0.0'''</td><td>Defines where the router should send all the traffic that applies to the rule</td></tr><tr><td>Metric</td><td>Default: <b>0</b></td><td>The <b>metric</b> value is used as a sorting measure. If a packet about to be routed fits two rules, the one with the lower metric is applied.</td></tr><tr><td>MTU</td><td>[64..9000]; Default: <b>1500</b></td><td>Sets the maximum transmission unit (MTU) size. It is the largest size of a protocol data unit (PDU) that can be transmitted in a single network layer transaction.</td></tr><tr><td>Route Type</td><td>Default: <b>unicast</b></td><td>Selects route type. Each type specifies a different behavior for the route, available options:<ul><li><b>unicast</b> </li><li><b>local</b> - routes of this type are added to the 'local' routing table and used only for locally hosted IPs.</li><li><b>broadcast</b> - routes of this type are added to the 'local' routing table and used by link layer devices that support the broadcast address principle.</li><li><b>multicast</b> </li><li><b>unreachable</b> </li><li><b>prohibit</b> - used to prohibit traffic to specified host or network. When a destination is prohibited, the kernel sends a 'Network is unreachable' response the source address.</li><li><b>blackhole</b> - packets that match this type of route are discarded without any response.</li><li><b>anycast</b> -</li><li><b>-- custom --</b> -</li></ul></td></tr></table>
<span class="asterisk">*</span><b>Additional notes on Target & Netmask:</b>
You can define a rule that applies to a single IP like this:<ul><li><b>Target</b>: some IP</li><li><b>Netmask</b>: 255.255.255.255</li></ul>Furthermore, you can define a rules that apply to a range of IPs. Refer to the table below for examples.<table class="nd-mantable"><tr><th>Target</th><th>Netmask</th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.0</td><td>255.255.255.240</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.2.0 - 192.168.2.15 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.240</td><td>255.255.255.240</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.2.240 - 192.168.2.255 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.161</td><td>255.255.255.0</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.2.0 - 192.168.55.255 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.0.0</td><td>255.255.0.0</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.161</td><td>255.255.255.255</td><td>Only applies to 192.168.2.161.</td></tr></table><br />
===Static IPv6 Routes===
----
Settings for Static IPv6 routes are the same as for IPv4 only that the target IP and and gateway are different.
[[File:Networking_RUTX_manual_static_routes_ipv6_v1.png|alt=|border|center]]
<br />
==Advanced Static Routes==
Advanced static routing includes features and concepts that are used in more complex networks.
===Routing Tables===
----
Below is an example of routing tables. You can create a new one by writing '''ID''' (anything you want, but only numbers are allowed), '''Name''' and pressing '''Add''' button. You can edit them by pressing '''Edit''' button
[[File:Networking RUTX manual advaced static routes tables v1.png|alt=|border|center|1128x1128px]]
===Routing Rules For IPv4===
----
Below is an example of routing rules for IPv4. You can create a new rule by pressing '''Add''' button, also you can edit them by pressing '''Edit''' button.
[[File:Networking RUTX manual advaced static routes rules v1.png|alt=|border|center|1127x1127px]]
An example of rule editing window and meanings of all the configurations are presented below.
[[File:Networking RUTX manual advaced static routes rules settings v1.png|alt=|border|center|1145x1145px]]<table class="nd-mantable">
<tr>
<th>field name</th>
<th>value</th>
<th>description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Priority</td>
<td>Default: '''auto-assigned'''</td>
<td>Controls the order of the IP rules, by default the priority is auto-assigned so that they are processed in the same order.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incoming interface</td>
<td>Default: '''Any'''</td>
<td>Specifies the incoming logical interface name</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Outgoing interface</td>
<td>Default: '''None'''</td>
<td>Specifies the outgoing logical interface name
</td>
</tr><tr><td>Source subnet</td><td>IPv4; Default: <b>0.0.0.0</b></td><td>Specifies the source subnet to match (CIDR notation)
</td></tr><tr><td>Destination subnet</td><td>IPv4; Default: '''0.0.0.0'''</td><td>Specifies the destination subnet to match (CIDR notation)
</td></tr><tr><td>TOS Value to Match</td><td>Default: <b>0</b>
</td><td>Specifies the TOS value to match in IP headers
</td></tr><tr><td>Firewall Mark</td><td>Default: '''0xFF'''
</td><td>Specifies the fwmark and optionally its mask to match, e.g. 0xFF to match mark 255 or 0x0/0x1 to match any even mark value
</td></tr><tr><td>Invert matches</td><td>off | on; Default: '''off'''
</td><td>If enabled, the meaning of the match options (Firewall Mark, TOS Value, Source and Destination subnets) is inverted
</td></tr><tr><td>Matched Traffic Action</td><td>Default: '''Lookup Table'''
</td><td>Available options:
*'''Lookup table'''
*'''Jump to rule'''
*'''Routing action'''
</td></tr><tr><td>Lookup Table</td><td>Default: " "
</td><td>The rule target is a table lookup
</td></tr></table>
[[Category:{{{name}}} Network section]]
This chapter is an overview of the Routing section in RUTX devices.
==Static Routes==
Static routes specify over which interface and gateway a certain host or network can be reached. In this page you can configure your own custom routes.
===Static IPv4 Routes===
----
Below is an example and information about Static IPv4 Routes.
[[File:Networking_RUTX_manual_static_routes_ipv4_v1.png|alt=|border|center|1150x1150px]]
<table class="nd-mantable"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td>Interface</td><td>Default: '''lan'''</td><td>The zone where the target network resides</td></tr><tr><td>Target<span class="asterisk">*</span></td><td>IPv4; Default: <b>0.0.0.0</b></td><td>The address of the destination network</td></tr><tr><td>Netmask<span class="asterisk">*</span></td><td>Default: <b>255.255.255.255</b></td><td>A Mask that is applied to the Target to determine to what actual IP addresses the routing rule applies</td></tr><tr><td>Gateway</td><td>IP; Default: '''0.0.0.0'''</td><td>Defines where the router should send all the traffic that applies to the rule</td></tr><tr><td>Metric</td><td>Default: <b>0</b></td><td>The <b>metric</b> value is used as a sorting measure. If a packet about to be routed fits two rules, the one with the lower metric is applied.</td></tr><tr><td>MTU</td><td>[64..9000]; Default: <b>1500</b></td><td>Sets the maximum transmission unit (MTU) size. It is the largest size of a protocol data unit (PDU) that can be transmitted in a single network layer transaction.</td></tr><tr><td>Route Type</td><td>Default: <b>unicast</b></td><td>Selects route type. Each type specifies a different behavior for the route, available options:<ul><li><b>unicast</b> </li><li><b>local</b> - routes of this type are added to the 'local' routing table and used only for locally hosted IPs.</li><li><b>broadcast</b> - routes of this type are added to the 'local' routing table and used by link layer devices that support the broadcast address principle.</li><li><b>multicast</b> </li><li><b>unreachable</b> </li><li><b>prohibit</b> - used to prohibit traffic to specified host or network. When a destination is prohibited, the kernel sends a 'Network is unreachable' response the source address.</li><li><b>blackhole</b> - packets that match this type of route are discarded without any response.</li><li><b>anycast</b> -</li><li><b>-- custom --</b> -</li></ul></td></tr></table>
<span class="asterisk">*</span><b>Additional notes on Target & Netmask:</b>
You can define a rule that applies to a single IP like this:<ul><li><b>Target</b>: some IP</li><li><b>Netmask</b>: 255.255.255.255</li></ul>Furthermore, you can define a rules that apply to a range of IPs. Refer to the table below for examples.<table class="nd-mantable"><tr><th>Target</th><th>Netmask</th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.0</td><td>255.255.255.240</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.2.0 - 192.168.2.15 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.240</td><td>255.255.255.240</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.2.240 - 192.168.2.255 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.161</td><td>255.255.255.0</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.2.0 - 192.168.55.255 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.0.0</td><td>255.255.0.0</td><td>Applies to IPs in the 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 range.</td></tr><tr><td>192.168.2.161</td><td>255.255.255.255</td><td>Only applies to 192.168.2.161.</td></tr></table><br />
===Static IPv6 Routes===
----
Settings for Static IPv6 routes are the same as for IPv4 only that the target IP and and gateway are different.
[[File:Networking_RUTX_manual_static_routes_ipv6_v1.png|alt=|border|center]]
<br />
==Advanced Static Routes==
Advanced static routing includes features and concepts that are used in more complex networks.
===Routing Tables===
----
Below is an example of routing tables. You can create a new one by writing '''ID''' (anything you want, but only numbers are allowed), '''Name''' and pressing '''Add''' button. You can edit them by pressing '''Edit''' button
[[File:Networking RUTX manual advaced static routes tables v1.png|alt=|border|center|1128x1128px]]
===Routing Rules For IPv4===
----
Below is an example of routing rules for IPv4. You can create a new rule by pressing '''Add''' button, also you can edit them by pressing '''Edit''' button.
[[File:Networking RUTX manual advaced static routes rules v1.png|alt=|border|center|1127x1127px]]
An example of rule editing window and meanings of all the configurations are presented below.
[[File:Networking RUTX manual advaced static routes rules settings v1.png|alt=|border|center|1145x1145px]]<table class="nd-mantable">
<tr>
<th>field name</th>
<th>value</th>
<th>description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Priority</td>
<td>Default: '''auto-assigned'''</td>
<td>Controls the order of the IP rules, by default the priority is auto-assigned so that they are processed in the same order.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incoming interface</td>
<td>Default: '''Any'''</td>
<td>Specifies the incoming logical interface name</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Outgoing interface</td>
<td>Default: '''None'''</td>
<td>Specifies the outgoing logical interface name
</td>
</tr><tr><td>Source subnet</td><td>IPv4; Default: <b>0.0.0.0</b></td><td>Specifies the source subnet to match (CIDR notation)
</td></tr><tr><td>Destination subnet</td><td>IPv4; Default: '''0.0.0.0'''</td><td>Specifies the destination subnet to match (CIDR notation)
</td></tr><tr><td>TOS Value to Match</td><td>Default: <b>0</b>
</td><td>Specifies the TOS value to match in IP headers
</td></tr><tr><td>Firewall Mark</td><td>Default: '''0xFF'''
</td><td>Specifies the fwmark and optionally its mask to match, e.g. 0xFF to match mark 255 or 0x0/0x1 to match any even mark value
</td></tr><tr><td>Invert matches</td><td>off | on; Default: '''off'''
</td><td>If enabled, the meaning of the match options (Firewall Mark, TOS Value, Source and Destination subnets) is inverted
</td></tr><tr><td>Matched Traffic Action</td><td>Default: '''Lookup Table'''
</td><td>Available options:
*'''Lookup table'''
*'''Jump to rule'''
*'''Routing action'''
</td></tr><tr><td>Lookup Table</td><td>Default: " "
</td><td>The rule target is a table lookup
</td></tr></table>
[[Category:{{{name}}} Network section]]