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| '''DNS''' or '''Domain Name System''' is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. | | '''DNS''' or '''Domain Name System''' is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. |
| Each device, connected to the internet have unique IP address, like 192.168.1.1 (IPv4) or 2001:db8:3333:4444:5555:6666:7777:8888 (IPv6), which help to identify device on a network. For humans is hard to memorize all these sequences of numbers and in this case helps DNS, which translates human readable webpage names, e.g., google.com, to computer friendly IP addresses. | | Each device, connected to the internet have unique IP address, like 192.168.1.1 (IPv4) or 2001:db8:3333:4444:5555:6666:7777:8888 (IPv6), which help to identify device on a network. For humans is hard to memorize all these sequences of numbers and in this case helps DNS, which translates human readable webpage names, e.g., google.com, to computer friendly IP addresses. |
− | ----
| + | ==How it works == |
− | ==How to set DNS on computer== | + | |
| + | [[File:DNS.png|594x594px]] |
| + | |
| + | Like showed in given example, there are 4 DNS servers involved in a loading of a webpage. Once end user gives webpage address to a browser '''DNS recursor''' receive query and start giving request to others DNS servers to bring back webpage. A '''root server''' is responsible for looking a specific name server and last portion of a host name (in this example “com”). A '''name server''' is responsible to provide a DNS address for a '''DNS recursor''', once request from it was made. Once '''website server''' gets command from '''DNS recursor''' it translate human readable host name to a machine understandable IP address and it bring back to machine. |
| + | == How to set DNS on computer== |
| ===Windows=== | | ===Windows=== |
| If you want to change DNS to custom, please, follow these steps: | | If you want to change DNS to custom, please, follow these steps: |
| *Go to '''Control Panel;''' | | *Go to '''Control Panel;''' |
| *Click on '''Network and Internet;''' | | *Click on '''Network and Internet;''' |
− | *Go to "Network and Sharing Center" and press on '''Change adapter settings'''; | + | * Go to "Network and Sharing Center" and press on '''Change adapter settings'''; |
| *In a new window select your current network, press on it right mouse button (or double click it) and select press on '''Properties'''; | | *In a new window select your current network, press on it right mouse button (or double click it) and select press on '''Properties'''; |
| *Click on '''Internet protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)''' and select '''Properties;''' | | *Click on '''Internet protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)''' and select '''Properties;''' |
| | | |
− | *If '''Obtain DNS server adress automativally''' is enabled, click on the '''Use the followings DNS server addressess:''' | + | *If '''Obtain DNS server adress automativally''' is enabled, click on the '''Use the followings DNS server addressess:''' |
| | | |
| [[File:DNS settings.jpg]] | | [[File:DNS settings.jpg]] |
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| *Enter the DNS you want to use | | *Enter the DNS you want to use |
| | | |
− | *Click '''OK''' and close. | + | * Click '''OK''' and close. |
| ---- | | ---- |
| ===Linux (Ubuntu)=== | | ===Linux (Ubuntu)=== |
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| *Navigate to I'''Pv4'''; | | *Navigate to I'''Pv4'''; |
| | | |
− | * Click on "'''Automatic'''" to disable it and in '''DNS''' line add your adress; | + | *Click on "'''Automatic'''" to disable it and in '''DNS''' line add your adress; |
| | | |
| [[File:DNS on Ubuntu.jpg|481x481px]] | | [[File:DNS on Ubuntu.jpg|481x481px]] |
| | | |
− | * Click '''Apply''' and close window. | + | *Click '''Apply''' and close window. |
| ---- | | ---- |
| ===MacOS=== | | ===MacOS=== |
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| *Press "'''+'''", add DNS adress and save. | | *Press "'''+'''", add DNS adress and save. |
| | | |
− | ==Most common DNS== | + | ==Most common DNS == |
| If you for some reasons do not want to use ISP provided DNS address, there could be used third party DNS addresses. Most popular are these: | | If you for some reasons do not want to use ISP provided DNS address, there could be used third party DNS addresses. Most popular are these: |
| | | |
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| *Quad9 DNS: '''9.9.9.9''' (secondary: '''149.112.112.112'''); | | *Quad9 DNS: '''9.9.9.9''' (secondary: '''149.112.112.112'''); |
| *OpenDNS: '''208.67.222.222''' (secondary: '''208.67.220.220'''); | | *OpenDNS: '''208.67.222.222''' (secondary: '''208.67.220.220'''); |
− | *Alternate DNS: '''76.76.19.19''' (secondary: '''76.223.122.150'''); | + | * Alternate DNS: '''76.76.19.19''' (secondary: '''76.223.122.150'''); |
| *AdGuard: '''94.140.14.14''' (secondary: '''94.140.15.15'''). | | *AdGuard: '''94.140.14.14''' (secondary: '''94.140.15.15'''). |
| | | |
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| ==Useful links== | | ==Useful links== |
| [https://developers.google.com/speed/public-dns/ Google DNS home page] | | [https://developers.google.com/speed/public-dns/ Google DNS home page] |
| + | |
| [https://1.1.1.1/ Cloudflare DNS home page] | | [https://1.1.1.1/ Cloudflare DNS home page] |
| + | |
| [https://www.quad9.net/ Quad9 DNS home page] | | [https://www.quad9.net/ Quad9 DNS home page] |
| + | |
| [https://www.opendns.com/home-internet-security/ OpenDNS home page] | | [https://www.opendns.com/home-internet-security/ OpenDNS home page] |
| + | |
| [https://alternate-dns.com/registration_trial.php?beta=1 Alternate DNS home page] | | [https://alternate-dns.com/registration_trial.php?beta=1 Alternate DNS home page] |
| + | |
| [https://adguard.com/en/adguard-dns/overview.html AdGuard DNS home page] | | [https://adguard.com/en/adguard-dns/overview.html AdGuard DNS home page] |
| + | |
| + | [[Category: Networking]] |