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Policy Based Routing (view source)

Revision as of 13:56, 8 July 2024

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→‎LAN1 General Settings
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<p style="color:red">The information on this page is updated in accordance with the [https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/FW_%26_SDK_Downloads'''00.07.07.1'''] firmware version .</p>
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<p style="color:red">The information on this page is updated in accordance with the [https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/FW_%26_SDK_Downloads'''00.07.07.1'''] firmware version.</p>
    
==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
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Policy-based routing (PBR) is a technique used in computer networking to direct network packets based on defined criteria beyond the standard destination-based routing. Unlike traditional routing, which forwards packets solely based on their destination address, PBR allows administrators to customize routing decisions according to various factors such as source address, type of service, protocol, or application.
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With policy-based routing, network administrators can implement specific rules or policies to dictate the path that packets should take through the network. This flexibility enables organizations to optimize traffic flow, prioritize certain types of traffic, enforce security measures, and manage network resources more efficiently.
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Policy-based routing (PBR) is a technique used in computer networking to direct network packets based on defined criteria beyond the standard destination-based routing. Unlike traditional routing, which forwards packets solely based on their destination address, PBR allows to customize routing decisions according to various factors.
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With policy-based routing you can implement specific rules or policies to dictate the path that packets should take through the network. This flexibility enables organizations to optimize traffic flow, prioritize certain types of traffic, enforce security measures, and manage network resources more efficiently.
    
==Prerequisites & Topology==
 
==Prerequisites & Topology==
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'''Before proceeding with the confuration, ensure that all requirements are met:'''
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# Before starting you need to have 3 different WAN connections. In this case we are going to use: '''Wi-fi WAN''', '''Wired WAN''' and '''Mobile WAN'''.
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'''Before proceeding with the configuration, ensure that all requirements are met:'''
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# Before starting you need to have 3 different WAN connections. In this case we are going to use: '''[https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/WiFi_WAN_example Wi-fi WAN]''', '''Wired WAN''' and '''Mobile WAN'''.These interfaces have to be preconfigured.
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[[File:PBS model.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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[[File:698722_1_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1000x1000px]]
    
==Configuration==
 
==Configuration==
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{{Template:Networking_rutos_manual_basic_advanced_webui_disclaimer
 
{{Template:Networking_rutos_manual_basic_advanced_webui_disclaimer
 
| series = RUTX
 
| series = RUTX
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===Configuring Different LAN Networks===
 
===Configuring Different LAN Networks===
 
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====Assigning VLANs to LAN Netwroks====
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Open router’s '''WebUI → Network → LAN''' click [[File:Pencil2.png]]on current available LAN interface configuration:
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====LAN1 General Settings====
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----
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Make the following changes:
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# Enter Name : '''LAN_VLAN_ETH0'''
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# Enter IPV4 address: '''192.168.100.1'''
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# Select IPV4 netmask: '''255.255.255.0'''
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[[File:PBS LAN1 NAME1111.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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====LAN1 Physical Settings====
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----
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Make the following changes:
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# Select Interface : '''eth0'''
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[[File:PBS LAN1 PHYSICAL.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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----
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Add new LAN netwrok by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes:
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====LAN2 General Settings====
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----
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Make the following changes:
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# Enable Interface: '''on'''
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# Enter Name : '''LAN_VLAN_3'''
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# Enter IPV4 address: '''192.168.3.1'''
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# Select IPV4 netmask: '''255.255.255.0'''
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# Enable DHCPv4: '''on'''
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[[File:PBS LAN3 GENERAL.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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====LAN2 Physical Settings====
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----
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Make the following changes:
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# Select Interface : '''eth0.3'''
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[[File:PBS LAN3 PHYSICAL.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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----
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Add new LAN netwrok by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes:
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====LAN3 General Settings====
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----
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Make the following changes:
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# Enable Interface: '''on'''
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# Enter Name : '''LAN_VLAN_5'''
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# Enter IPV4 address: '''192.168.5.1'''
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# Select IPV4 netmask: '''255.255.255.0'''
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# Enable DHCPv4: '''on'''
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[[File:PBS LAN5 GENERAL.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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====LAN3 Physical Settings====
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----
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Make the following changes:
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# Select Interface : '''eth0.5'''
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[[File:PBS LAN5 PHYSICAL.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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After configuring all LAN interfaces the end result should look something like this:
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[[File:PBS LAN_CON1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100x370px]]
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===Configuring Policy Based Routing===
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----
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Open '''WebUI → Network → Routing → Policy based routing → Add new instance''' and create new instances for each available WAN in this case Wi-Fi WAN, Wired-WAN and Mobile:
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====Creating Wifi Wan Routing Table====
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----
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Add new instance:
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# Enter ID: '''1'''
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# Enter New configuration name: '''WifiWan'''
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[[File:PBR IMAGE WIFI.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x300px]]
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] in the new window make following changes:
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=====Static IPv4 Routes=====
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----
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and apply this to the route:
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#Select Interface: '''WifiWan''' | Enter Target: '''0.0.0.0''' | Enter IPv4-Netmask: '''0.0.0.0''' | Enter IPv4-Gateway: '''192.168.1.1 (Note: Use the Wi-Fi network's gateway. The current LAN gateway in use is 192.168.100.1. However, the correct gateway to route correctly will be the next hop address. This means the router gateway providing the Wi-Fi WAN should be used. In my case, this gateway is 192.168.1.1.)'''
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[[File:PBR_P_ROUTE_111.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x300px]]
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====Creating Wired Wan Routing Table====
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----
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Add new instance:
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# Enter ID: '''3'''
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# Enter New configuration name: '''WiredWan'''
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[[File:PBS_WAN_ROUTE1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x300px]]
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] in the new window make following changes:
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=====Static IPv4 Routes=====
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----
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and apply this to the route:
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#Select Interface: '''Wan''' | Enter Target: '''0.0.0.0''' | Enter IPv4-Netmask: '''0.0.0.0''' | Enter IPv4-Gateway: '''192.168.10.1'''
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[[File:PBR_P_ROUTE_222.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x300px]]
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====Creating Mobile Wan Routing Table====
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----
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Add new instance:
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# Enter ID: '''5'''
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# Enter New configuration name: '''MWan'''
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[[File:PBR_MOBILE_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x300px]]
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] in the new window make following changes:
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=====Static IPv4 Routes=====
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----
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and apply this to the route:
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#Select Interface:'''mob1s1a1''' | Enter Target: '''0.0.0.0''' | Enter IPv4-Netmask: '''0.0.0.0'''
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[[File:PBS_TABLES_WAN.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x300px]]
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====Creating Routing Rules for IPv4====
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----
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=====Routing Rules for IPv4=====
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----
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By clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] create 3 rules under '''Routing Rules for IPv4''' tab apply these changes to the rules:
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======Policy Rule 1======
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----
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# Enter Priority: '''1'''
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# Select Incoming interface: '''LAN_VLAN_ETH0'''
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# Select Outgoing interface: '''None'''
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# Select Matched Traffic Action: '''Lookup Table'''
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# Lookup Table: '''WifiWAN(1)'''
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[[File:POLICY_RULE_11.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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======Policy Rule 2======
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# Enter Priority: '''1'''
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# Select Incoming interface: '''LAN_VLAN_3'''
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# Select Outgoing interface: '''None'''
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# Select Matched Traffic Action: '''Lookup Table'''
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# Lookup Table: '''WiredWan(3)'''
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[[File:POLICY_RULE_2.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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======Policy Rule 3======
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----
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# Enter Priority: '''1'''
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# Select Incoming interface: '''LAN_VLAN_5'''
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# Select Outgoing interface: '''None'''
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# Select Matched Traffic Action: '''Lookup Table'''
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# Lookup Table: '''MWan(5)'''
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[[File:POLICY_RULE_3.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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'''NOTE: Delete all Autimatic or unrelated routing rules'''
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===Configuration testing===
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----
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Connect end device to physical port that is assingned to different routing policy. Open cmd and run this command: '''tracert 8.8.8.8''', three physical ports that we assigned to diffrent Vlans route to 8.8.8.8 should be using different gateways and public addresses visit to check if address changes [https://whatismyipaddress.com/ whatismyipaddress].
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Public IP addresses that are used in my topology:
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# WiFi WAN: '''78.xxx.xxx.xxx'''
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# Wired WAN: '''213.xxx.xxx.xxx'''
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# Mobile WAN: '''84.xxx.xxx.xxx'''
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====Physical Port 1 Test Result====
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----
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[[File:Test1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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[[File:ISP1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|800x600px]]
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====Physical Port 2 Test Result====
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----
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[[File:Test22.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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[[File:ISP2.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|800x600px]]
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====Physical Port 3 Test Result====
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----
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[[File:Test33.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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[[File:ISP3.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|800x600px]]
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===Policy Based Routing on a single Host===
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====Single Host Routing Topology====
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[[File:698721_2_2.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x1000px]]
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====Wired WAN Routing Policy Priority Change====
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----
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'''Open WebUI → Network → Routing → Policy based routing → Routing Rules for IPv4''' and click [[File:Pencil2.png]] on '''Policy Rule 2'''
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----
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Make following changes:
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# Set Priority: '''2'''
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[[File:PBRSN.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|]]
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====Creating New Routing Policy Rule====
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Open '''WebUI → Network → Routing → Policy based routing'''
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=====Creating Single Node Routing Table Over WifiWan=====
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----
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Add new instance:
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# Enter ID: '''7'''
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# Enter New configuration name: '''Node'''
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[[File:Node 1 Table.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] in the new window make following changes:
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=====Static IPv4 Routes=====
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----
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click [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and apply this to the route:
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#Select Interface: '''WifiWan''' | Enter Target: '''0.0.0.0''' | Enter IPv4-Netmask: '''0.0.0.0''' | Enter IPv4-Gateway: '''192.168.1.1'''
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[[File:PBR_P_ROUTE_111.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x300px]]
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 +
====Routing Rules for IPv4====
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----
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By clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] create rule under '''Routing Rules for IPv4''' tab apply these changes to the rules:
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======Policy Rule 4======
 
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# Enter Priority: '''1'''
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# Select Incoming interface: '''LAN_VLAN_3'''
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# Select Outgoing interface: '''None'''
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# Enter Source subnet: '''192.168.3.246/32'''
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# Select Matched Traffic Action: '''Lookup Table'''
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# Lookup Table: '''Node (7)'''
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===Configuring Advanced Static Routes===
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[[File:PR4.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1000x800px]]
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====Testing the Policy Route====
 
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----
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[[File:POLICY_ROUTE.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
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[[File:ISP1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|800x600px]]
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==External links==
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#https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/Splitting_Network_Traffic_Via_Multiple_Interfaces
Retrieved from "https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/Special:MobileDiff/126468...128704"

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