Testing Trap With Linux Operating System: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 10:28, 23 September 2019

Summary

This chapter is a guide on configuring SNMP Trap listening service on Linux OS.

Preconditions

To configure Trap listening service these packages are required: snmp , snmpd, snmptt, snmptrapd.

To install these packages run command for each package:

$ sudo apt install <package_name>

Also you need to download and load MIB files. Use this command:

$ sudo apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader

Important note: before continuing make sure that SNMP Trap package is configured. SNMP configuration example can be found here.

Editing configuration files

Snmpd.conf

This is not required for Trap listening service, but with this configuration snmpget command will be able to establish connection without requiring port number in the command line. If you want to configure SNMP so it would listen to the port globally, not locally follow these steps:

Edit snmpd.conf file, it can be found in /etc/snmp/ directory. Example of the command:

$ sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

Find a line containing "agenAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161" and comment it by adding # symbol at the beginning of the line. Then find the line "agenAddress udp:161,udp6[::1]:161" and uncomment it. If you chose different SNMP port change 161 into your chosen port. Make sure to use exactly the same port as in SNMP package configuration on Teltonika device.

Snmptrapd.conf

This is required to specify community you described in SNMP Trap package configuration, to describe Trap port and how to handle caught Trap messages.

Edit snmptrapd.conf file, it can be found in /etc/snmp/ directory. Example of the command:

$ sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmptrapd.conf

Add these lines at the beginning of the file:

authcommunity log,execute,net public

snmpTrapdAddr udp:1110

traphandle default /usr/sbin/snmptt

In the first line change public to your community group described in SNMP Trap package configuration. In the second line change 1110 port number to your described port number in SNMP Trap package of the Teltonika device.

Also you can change first line to disableAuthorization yes. This will disable all authorizations and any group will be able to send traps to the SNMP Manager.

Creating Trap listening service

This is required for launching Trap listening service with extra configurations, we will use it to describe the log file to which all traps will be recorded.

Use this command:

$ sudo systemctl edit snmptrapd.service

Write these lines into the file:

[Service]

ExecStart=

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/snmptrapd -Ln -f -Lf /var/log/snmptrapd.log

This configuration will write the log of caught Trap messages into /var/log/ folder and into snmptrapd.log file. You can change the log file directory and file name.

Loading MIB file

MIB file will be used to translate OID codes to more readable format.

If you dont have the MIB file, download it from SNMP packge WebUI window, example here

After downloading the MIB file, place it in /usr/share/snmp/mib directory, you can use this command:

$ sudo cp Downloads\TLT-MIB.txt /usr/share/snmp/mibs/TLT-MIB.txt

Now edit file /etc/snmp/snmp.conf . Example of the command:

$ sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmp.conf

Find this line: mibs : and change it to: mibs +ALL to load all existing MIB files in /usr/share/snmp/mibs directory.

Launching Trap listening service

Important note: Trap listening service will stop on system shutdown or restart.

To launch SNMP Trap listening service use this command:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd start

To stop the service use this command:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd stop

To restart or launch the service you can use this command:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd restart

To read service status use this command:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd status

If SNMP manager caught any traps, connection information can be represented with service status information.

Important note: if status shows failed message, one solution could be changing the SNMP Trap port, some other process might be using the described port.

Testing if SNMP Trap listening service works

First make sure that SNMP Trap package has Trap rules configured in order to test if listening service works correctly. More information here

If any Trap was triggered, you can check, if Trap message was caught and logged. Check service status to see if any connections were established.

Open /var/log/snmptrapd.log . If you specified different directory and file name, open it. Example commands:

$ sudo cat /var/log/snmptrapd.log
$ sudo more /var/log/snmptrapd.log
$ sudo nano /var/log/snmptrapd.log

snmptrapd.log file after triggering some trap rules:

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 This chapter is a guide on configuring SNMP Trap listening service on Linux OS.
-===Preconditions===
+==Preconditions==
 To configure Trap listening service these packages are required: ''' snmp ''', '''snmpd''', '''snmptt''', '''snmptrapd'''.
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
   $ sudo apt install <package_name>
-'''Important note:''' before continuing make sure that SNMP Trap package is configured. SNMP configuration example can be found here [[SNMP configuration example]].
+Also you need to download and load MIB files. Use this command:
-===Editing configuration files===
+ $ sudo apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader
-====Snmpd.conf====
+'''Important note:''' before continuing make sure that SNMP Trap package is configured. SNMP configuration example can be found [[SNMP configuration example | here]].
-This is not required for Trap listening service, but with this configuration '''snmpget''' command will be able to establish connection without requiring port number in the command line.
+==Editing configuration files==
+===Snmpd.conf===
+This is not required for Trap listening service, but with this configuration '''snmpget''' command will be able to establish connection without requiring port number in the command line. If you want to configure SNMP so it would listen to the port globally, not locally follow these steps:
 Edit snmpd.conf file, it can be found in ''' ''/etc/snmp/'' '''directory. Example of the command:
@@ Line 23: / Line 27: @@
   $ sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
-Find a line containing '''"agenAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161"''' and comment it by adding '''#''' symbol at the beginning of the line. Uncomment line '''"agenAddress udp:161,udp6[::1]:161"'''. If you chose diferent SNMP port change '''161''' into your chosen port. '''Make sure to use exactly the same port as in SNMP package configuration on Teltonika device'''.
+Find a line containing '''"agenAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161"''' and comment it by adding '''#''' symbol at the beginning of the line. Then find the line '''"agenAddress udp:161,udp6[::1]:161"''' and uncomment it. If you chose different SNMP port change '''161''' into your chosen port. '''Make sure to use exactly the same port as in SNMP package configuration on Teltonika device'''.
-[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmpd config v1.png]]
+[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmpd config v3.png]]
+----
-====Snmptrapd.conf====
+===Snmptrapd.conf===
 This is required to specify community you described in SNMP Trap package configuration, to describe Trap port and how to handle caught Trap messages.
@@ Line 47: / Line 51: @@
 '''Also''' you can change first line to '''disableAuthorization yes'''. This will disable all authorizations and any group will be able to send traps to the SNMP Manager.
-[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmptrapd config v1.png]]
+[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmptrapd config v2.png]]
+----
+===Creating Trap listening service===
-====Creating Trap listening service====
+This is required for launching Trap listening service with extra configurations, we will use it to describe the log file to which all traps will be recorded.
-This is required for launching Trap listening service with extra configurations, we will use it to describe the log file, where all traps will be recorded.
 Use this command:
@@ Line 60: / Line 64: @@
 '''[Service]'''
 '''ExecStart='''
 '''ExecStart=/usr/sbin/snmptrapd -Ln -f -Lf /var/log/snmptrapd.log'''
-This configuration will write the log into ''' ''/var/log/'' ''' folder and into ''' ''snmptrapd.log'' ''' file.
+This configuration will write the log of caught Trap messages into ''' ''/var/log/'' ''' folder and into ''' ''snmptrapd.log'' ''' file. You can change the log file directory and file name.
+[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmptrapd service v2.png]]
+----
+===Loading MIB file===
+MIB file will be used to translate OID codes to more readable format.
+If you dont have the MIB file, download it from SNMP packge WebUI window, example [[SNMP configuration example#SNMP Configuration | here]]
+After downloading the MIB file, place it in ''' ''/usr/share/snmp/mib'' ''' directory, you can use this command:
+ $ sudo cp Downloads\TLT-MIB.txt /usr/share/snmp/mibs/TLT-MIB.txt
+Now edit file ''' '' /etc/snmp/snmp.conf'' '''. Example of the command:
+ $ sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmp.conf
+Find this line:
+'''mibs :'''
+and change it to:
+'''mibs +ALL'''
+to load all existing MIB files in ''/usr/share/snmp/mibs'' directory.
+[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmp config v2.png]]
+----
+===Launching Trap listening service===
+'''Important note:''' Trap listening service will stop on system shutdown or restart.
+To launch SNMP Trap listening service use this command:
+ $ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd start
+To stop the service use this command:
+ $ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd stop
+To restart or launch the service you can use this command:
+ $ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd restart
+[[File:FileNetworking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmptrap commands v2.png]]
+To read service status use this command:
+ $ sudo /etc/init.d/snmptrapd status
+[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmptrapd status v2.png]]
+If SNMP manager caught any traps, connection information can be represented with service status information.
+'''Important note:''' if status shows failed message, one solution could be changing the SNMP Trap port, some other process might be using the described port.
+==Testing if SNMP Trap listening service works==
+First make sure that SNMP Trap package has Trap rules configured in order to test if listening service works correctly. More information [[SNMP configuration example#Trap Configuration | here]]
+If any Trap was triggered, you can check, if Trap message was caught and logged. Check service '''status''' to see if any connections were established.
+Open ''' ''/var/log/snmptrapd.log'' '''. If you specified different directory and file name, open it. Example commands:
+ $ sudo cat /var/log/snmptrapd.log
+ $ sudo more /var/log/snmptrapd.log
+ $ sudo nano /var/log/snmptrapd.log
+snmptrapd.log file after triggering some trap rules:
+[[File:Networking device configurationexample traps with terminal snmptrapd log v3.png]]