Template:How to generate tls certificates linux

Step 1: downloading Easy-Rsa

Almost all of the steps will be done through the terminal. You can open the terminal by pressing this CTRL+ALT+T key combination on your keyboard.

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First of all we need to download the Easy-Rsa source files. You can do that by executing this command in the terminal:

 wget https://github.com/OpenVPN/easy-rsa/releases/download/v3.0.7/EasyRSA-3.0.7.tgz

To extract the downloaded file contents, execute this command in the terminal:

 tar zxf EasyRSA-3.0.7.tgz

Step 2: preparing Easy-Rsa

In this step we will show how to prepare the Easy-Rsa for creating the necessary certificates.

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First of all navigate into directory where all of the Easy-Rsa content is stored. You can do this by executing this command in the terminal:

 cd ./EasyRSA-3.0.7

Create the configuration file. You can do this by executing this command in the terminal:

 cp vars.example vars

Open the configuration file using your preferred text editor. We will use vim text editor.

Locate the following lines like in the picture below.

Uncomment the lines and change the values to whatever you’d prefer, but do not leave them blank.

After all the necessary changes have been made to the configuration file, save it and close it.

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Now we need to initialize the necessary tasks to start building the certificates and all other things. Execute this command in the terminal:

 ./easyrsa init-pki

If everything was configure correctly you should see a text like in the picture below.

Note: the PKI directory in your case may or will differ.

Step 3: Building the CA

When the Easy-Rsa is prepared it is time to start building all the necessary certificates for the TLS connection.

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To build the CA certificate, execute this command in the terminal:

 ./easyrsa build-ca nopass

After executing the command you will be asked to enter the common name. Press enter to use the default values from the configuration file.

The generated CA certificate can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki and the certificate key can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/private.

Step 4: building the server certificate and key

In this step we will show you how to generate the server key and certificate and how to sign it with your CA.

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First of all we need to generate a certificate request. You can do this by executing this command in the terminal:

 ./easyrsa gen-req server nopass

After executing the command you will be asked to enter the common name. Press enter to use the default values from the configuration file.

The generated server certificate request can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/reqs and the key can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/private.

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To build the server certificate we need to sign the server certificate request. You can do this by executing this command in the terminal:

 ./easyrsa sign-req server server

After executing the command you will be asked to confirm the request details. You need to type yes because any other entry will abort the process.

The signed server certificate can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/issued.

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The last step in this part is to generate a Diffie-Hellman key. You can do this by executing this command in the terminal:

 ./easyrsa gen-dh

Depending on the size of the key, the process will take some time. While the key is generated, you should see an output like in the animation below.

The generated Diffie-Hellman key can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki.

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All the necessary server certificates and keys were built. All keys and certificates, that will be used for the server, can be found in these directories:

1. CA certificate - ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/ca.crt
2. CA key - ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/ca.key
3. Server certificate - ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/issued/server.crt
4. Server key - ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/private/server.key
5. Diffie-Hellman key - ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/dh.pem

Step 5: building client certificate and keys

In this step we will show you how to build a certificate and a key pair for the client.

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First of all we need to generate a certificate request. You can do this by executing this command in the terminal:

 ./easyrsa gen-req client nopass

After executing the command you will be asked to enter the common name. Press enter to use the default values from the configuration file.

The generated client certificate request can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/reqs and the key can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/private.

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To build the client certificate we need to sign the client certificate request. You can do this by executing this command in the terminal:

 ./easyrsa sign-req client client

After executing the command you will be asked to confirm the request details. You need to type yes because any other entry will abort the process.

The signed client certificate can be found in the directory ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/issued.

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All necessary client certificates and keys were built. You can found them in these directories:

1. Client certificate - ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/issued/client.crt
2. Client key - ~/EasyRSA-3.0.7/pki/private/client.key