Difference between revisions of "Template:Networking rutos manual usb tools"

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{{Template: Networking_device_manual_fw_disclosure
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{{Template: Networking_rutos_manual_fw_disclosure
−
| series = {{{series}}}
+
| fw_version = {{{series}}}_R_00.02.06.1
−
| name  = {{{name}}}
+
| series     = {{{series}}}
−
| fw_version ={{Template: Networking_device_manual_latest_fw
 
−
| series = {{{series}}}
 
−
| name  = {{{name}}}
 
−
}}
 
 
}}
 
}}
−
{{#ifeq: {{{series}}} | RUT9 |<br><i><b>Note</b>: <b>[[{{{name}}} USB Tools (legacy WebUI)|click here]]</b> for the old style WebUI (FW version {{Template: Networking_device_manual_latest_fw | series = RUT9XX}} and earlier) user manual page.</i>|}}
+
__TOC__
 
==Summary==
 
==Summary==
  
Line 34: Line 30:
 
The <b>Mounted File Systems</b> list displays USB mass storage devices (MSD) currently attached to this device.
 
The <b>Mounted File Systems</b> list displays USB mass storage devices (MSD) currently attached to this device.
  
−
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_general_mounted_file_systems_v2.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
+
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_general_mounted_file_systems.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
  
 
<table class="nd-mantable">
 
<table class="nd-mantable">
Line 43: Line 39:
 
     </tr>
 
     </tr>
 
     <tr>
 
     <tr>
−
       <td>Device</td>
+
       <td>Filesystem</td>
 
       <td>filepath; default: <b>/dev/sd*</b></td>
 
       <td>filepath; default: <b>/dev/sd*</b></td>
 
       <td>The filesystem of the attached USB MSD.</td>
 
       <td>The filesystem of the attached USB MSD.</td>
Line 69: Line 65:
 
</table>
 
</table>
  
−
The <b>Format</b> button can be used to format the attached device, and the <b>Unmount</b> button next to each entry in the list is used to unmount an attached USB device. Please make sure to unmount a USB device before physically detaching it from the {{{name}}}.
+
The '<b>Unmount</b>' button next to each entry in the list is used to unmount an attached USB device. Please make sure to unmount a USB device before physically detaching it from the {{{name}}}.
−
 
 
−
The <b>Refresh</b> is used to refresh the information in the Mounted File Systems list. If you attach a new USB device and cannot see it in the list, try clicking the 'Refresh' button.
 
−
 
 
−
'''Note:''' Usb with NTFS partition is supported in read-only mode.
 
  
−
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_general_ntfs.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
+
The '<b>Refresh</b>' is used to refresh the information in the Mounted File Systems list. If you attach a new USB device and cannot see it in the list, try clicking the 'Refresh' button.
  
 
{{#ifeq:{{{printer}}}|0||
 
{{#ifeq:{{{printer}}}|0||
Line 113: Line 105:
 
     </tr>
 
     </tr>
 
</table>
 
</table>
−
{{#ifeq:{{{series}}}|RUTM||For step-by-step instructions on how to use a printer with {{{name}}}, <b>[[How to set up a USB printer (Windows, {{{name}}})|click here]].</b>|}}
 
−
}}
 
−
{{#ifeq:{{{serial}}}|0||
 
  
 +
For step-by-step instructions on how to use a printer with {{{name}}}, <b>[[How to set up a USB printer (Windows, {{{name}}})|click here]]</b>
 +
}}{{#ifeq:{{{serial}}}|0||
 
==USB to Serial==
 
==USB to Serial==
  
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             <ul>
 
             <ul>
 
                 <li><b>RTS/CTS</b> - hardware handshaking. RTS and CTS are turned OFF and ON from alternate ends to control data flow, for instance when a buffer is almost full.</li>
 
                 <li><b>RTS/CTS</b> - hardware handshaking. RTS and CTS are turned OFF and ON from alternate ends to control data flow, for instance when a buffer is almost full.</li>
−
                 <li><b>Xon/Xoff</b> - software handshaking. The Xon and Xoff characters are sent by the receiver to the sender to control when the sender will send data, i.e., these characters go in the opposite direction to the data being sent. The circuit starts in the "sending allowed" state. When the receiver's buffers approach capacity, the receiver sends the Xoff character to tell the sender to stop sending data. Later, after the receiver has emptied its buffers, it sends an Xon character to tell the sender to resume transmission.</li>
+
                 <li><b>Xon/Xoff</b> - software handshaking. The Xon and Xoff characters are sent by the receiver to the sender to control when the sender will send data, i.e., these characters go in the opposite direction to the data being sent. The circuit starts in the "sending allowed" state. When the receiver's buffers approach capacity, the receiver sends the Xoff character to tell the sender to stop sending data. Later, after the receiver has emptied its buffers, it sends an Xon character to tell the sender to resume transmission.
 
             </ul>
 
             </ul>
 
         </td>
 
         </td>
Line 172: Line 163:
 
     <tr>
 
     <tr>
 
     <td>Serial type</td>
 
     <td>Serial type</td>
−
         <td>[[#Console|Console]] {{!}} [[#Over IP|Over IP]] {{!}} [[#Modbus gateway|Modbus gateway]] {{!}} [[#NTRIP client|NTRIP client]]; default: <b>Console</b></td>
+
         <td>[[#Console|Console]] | [[#Over IP|Over IP]] | [[#Modbus gateway|Modbus gateway]] | [[#NTRIP client|NTRIP client]]; default: <b>Console</b></td>
 
         <td>Specifies the serial connection type.<br><b>Look to the sections below for information on different USB to Serial type options.</b></td>
 
         <td>Specifies the serial connection type.<br><b>Look to the sections below for information on different USB to Serial type options.</b></td>
 
     </tr>
 
     </tr>
Line 361: Line 352:
 
</table>
 
</table>
 
}}
 
}}
 +
==Storage Memory Expansion==
 +
 +
The <b>Storage Memory Expansion</b> function provides the possibility to expand the device's flash memory with a USB Mass Storage Device (MSD) and use the extra memory to install additional software packages. This section provides instruction on how to do just that. However, there are a few prerequisites and warnings to take note of before using memory expansion.
 +
 +
To be eligible for memory expansion, the USB MSD must meet the following restrictions.
 +
 +
<ul>
 +
    <li>The MSD must be the last one (chronologically) inserted.</li>
 +
    <li>If you are using a USB hub, the target MSD must be the last one attached to the hub.</li>
 +
    <li><b>No important data on the MSD as it will be wiped during expansion setup!</b></li>
 +
</ul>
 +
 +
When expansion is enabled, <b>do not detach the USB device as this will delete the data stored on it</b>. Changes made to the device configuration while expansion was enabled will disappear after it is disabled.
  
−
===IP Filter===
+
===Enabling memory expansion===
 
----
 
----
−
The <b>IP Filter</b> section is used for configuring which network is allowed to communicate with the device. You may add a new instance by selecting the Interface and pressing Add.
+
To successfully expand the flash memory of your device follow the steps described below.
  
−
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_console_ip_filter.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
+
<ol>
 +
    <li>Attach a USB Mass Storage Device (MSD) to the USB connector on the device and go to the Services → Storage Memory Expansion page.</li>
 +
    <li>Set the 'Enable storage expansion' slider to 'on' and click 'Save & Apply'.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_enable_1.png|border|class=tlt-border]]</li>
 +
    <li>You will see a pop-up asking for confirmation. Take note that <u>if you continue from this point on:</u>
 +
        <ul>
 +
            <li>your <b>USB device's memory will be wiped</b> and formatted to ext2 format;</li>
 +
            <li>your device's <b>current configuration will be backed up</b> and restored to this point if the USB drive is removed or memory expansion is disabled;</li>
 +
            <li>the entire procedure <b>may take a very long time</b> and includes a reboot at the end; exact time will vary depending on the size of the MSD (larger size will take longer; for example, using a 128 GB drive will take about 2 hours to fully set up, while a 16 GB will only take about 5 minutes).</li>
 +
        </ul>Click 'Continue' to proceed.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_enable_2.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
 +
    </li>
 +
    <li>If all is in order you should see a 'Formatting MSD...' message on the screen. This indicates that the MSD is being formatted and integrated with the system. This procedure can take a long time and ends with a reboot of the device.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_enable_3.png]]</li>
 +
    <li>Your device's flash memory will be expanded once the reboot has finished. In order to check, log in to the WebUI and look to the 'System' widget in the 'Overview' page. Hover your mouse cursor over the 'FLASH' memory indicator; you should see an increase to the device's flash memory.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_enable_4.png|border|class=tlt-border]]</li>
 +
</ol>
  
−
Then enter the IP address and save.
+
===Disabling memory expansion===
−
 
+
----
−
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_console_ip_filter_instance.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
+
To successfully disable memory expansion follow the steps described below.
  
 +
<ol>
 +
    <li>Go to the Services → Storage Memory Expansion page.</li>
 +
    <li>Set the 'Enable storage expansion' slider to 'off' and click 'Save & Apply'.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_disable_1.png|border|class=tlt-border]]</li>
 +
    <li>You will see a pop-up asking for confirmation. Take note that <u>if you continue from this point on:</u>
 +
        <ul>
 +
            <li>your <b>USB device's memory will be wiped</b> and formatted to NTFS format;</li>
 +
            <li>your <b>device's configuration will be restored</b> to the point it was before memory expansion;</li>
 +
            <li>the entire procedure <b>will take up to 2 minutes</b> including a reboot.</li>
 +
        </ul>Click 'Continue' to proceed.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_disable_2.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
 +
    </li>
 +
    <li>If all is in order you should see a 'Formatting MSD...' message on the screen. This indicates that the MSD is being formatted and detached from the system. This procedure can take up to a couple of minutes and ends with a reboot of the device.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_disable_3.png]]</li>
 +
    <li>Your device's flash memory will be restored to normal once the reboot has finished. In order to check, log in to the WebUI and look to the 'System' widget in the 'Overview' page. Hover your mouse cursor over the 'FLASH' memory indicator; you should see your device's flash memory return to its regular size.<br>[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_storage_memory_expansion_disable_4.png|border|class=tlt-border]]</li>
 +
</ol>
 
{{#ifeq:{{{shares}}}|0||
 
{{#ifeq:{{{shares}}}|0||
 
==Network Shares==
 
==Network Shares==
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     <li>FAT</li>
 
     <li>FAT</li>
 
     <li>FAT32</li>
 
     <li>FAT32</li>
−
    <li>exFAT</li>
 
 
     <li>NTFS</li>
 
     <li>NTFS</li>
−
    <li>ext2</li>
 
−
    <li>ext3</li>
 
−
    <li>ext4</li>
 
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
−
{{#switch:{{{series}}}
 
−
|RUTX|RUTM=
 
−
|#default=
 
−
<u><b>
 
  
−
Note:</b> Network Shares is additional software that can be installed from the <b>System → [[{{{name}}} Package Manager|Package Manager]]</b> page.
 
−
</u>}}
 
 
===General Settings===
 
===General Settings===
 
----
 
----
 
The <b>General</b> section is used to set up <b>Samba</b> - a software solution for using the Server Message Block (SMB) networking protocol, which provides shared file access between nodes on a computer network. Refer to the figures and table below for more information about Samba configuration.  
 
The <b>General</b> section is used to set up <b>Samba</b> - a software solution for using the Server Message Block (SMB) networking protocol, which provides shared file access between nodes on a computer network. Refer to the figures and table below for more information about Samba configuration.  
  
−
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_network_shares_general_samba_general_settings_v2.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
+
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_network_shares_general_samba_general_settings.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
  
 
<table class="nd-mantable">
 
<table class="nd-mantable">
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         <td>off {{!}} on; default: <b>on</b></td>
 
         <td>off {{!}} on; default: <b>on</b></td>
 
         <td>Allows system users to reach their home directories via network shares.</td>
 
         <td>Allows system users to reach their home directories via network shares.</td>
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
        <td>Interfaces</td>
 
−
        <td>lan; default: <b>none</b></td>
 
−
        <td>Bind samba server to specified interfaces </td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
        <td>Insert custom configuration to config</td>
 
−
        <td>string; default: <b>none</b></td>
 
−
        <td>Insert custom line to configuration file.</td>
 
 
     </tr>
 
     </tr>
 
</table>
 
</table>
 +
 +
===Edit Template===
 +
----
 +
The <b>Edit Template</b> section is used to make modifications to the template that is used for generating the Samba configuration. This is the content of the <i>/etc/samba/smb.conf.template</i> file from which your Samba configuration will be generated. Values enclosed by pipe symbols ('{{!}}') should not be changed. They get their values from the 'General Settings' tab.
 +
 +
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_network_shares_general_samba_edit_template.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
 +
 +
===Format USB===
 +
----
 +
The <b>Format USB</b> section contains only one button that is used for formatting an attached USB drive.
 +
 +
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_network_shares_general_samba_format_usb.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
  
 
===Shared Directories===
 
===Shared Directories===
Line 520: Line 541:
 
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_network_shares_users_user_settings.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
 
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_usb_tools_network_shares_users_user_settings.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
 
}}
 
}}
−
 
−
==DLNA==
 
−
 
−
The <b>Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA)</b> standard provides the possibility to stream media files from local storage to DLNA-capable devices such as computers, Smart TVs, tablets, etc.
 
−
 
−
This page is used to configure the DLNA service on the device. When the DLNA service is enabled, the device listens for incoming connections on the specified network interface and port number. Clients connecting to that port number on that interface will be granted access to the media files residing in the specified directories.
 
−
 
−
DLNA devices use Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) to discover and communicate with each other on a network. To access the DLNA server hosted on this device you will need a DLNA-capable application. If you're using your phone or other mobile device, simply search for DLNA in the device's application store. On Linux and Windows computers you can use applications capable of playing network media streams (such as VLC). Smart TVs and similar devices may have DLNA support built-in by default.
 
−
 
−
File format types supported by the DLNA service on this device:
 
−
 
−
<ul>
 
−
    <li>Audio - WMA, WAV, MP3, FLAC</li>
 
−
    <li>Image - JPEG</li>
 
−
    <li>Video - WMV, MTS, MP4, MKV, MOV</li>
 
−
</ul>
 
−
<u><b>
 
−
Note:</b> DLNA is additional software that can be installed from the <b>System → [[{{{name}}} Package Manager|Package Manager]]</b> page.</u>
 
−
 
−
===General Settings===
 
−
----
 
−
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_dlna_general_settings.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
 
−
 
−
<table class="nd-mantable">
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
        <th>Field</th>
 
−
      <th>Value</th>
 
−
      <th>Description</th>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Enable</td>
 
−
      <td>off | on; default: <b>off</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Turns the DLNA service on or off.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Port</td>
 
−
      <td>integer [0..65535]; default: <b>8200</b></td>
 
−
      <td>DLNA service listening port.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Friendly name</td>
 
−
      <td>string; default: <b>Teltonika DLNA Server</b></td>
 
−
      <td>The name of this server as it will be displayed to clients.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Root container</td>
 
−
      <td>Standard container | Browse directory | Music | Video | Pictures; default: <b>Standard container</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Specifies which type of files will be made available in DLNA file sharing.
 
−
            <ul>
 
−
                <li><b>Standard container</b> - allows browsing the shared media directory but also organizes files by type (music, video, pictures).</li>
 
−
                <li><b>Browse directory</b> - allows browsing the shared media directory .</li>
 
−
                <li><b>Music, Video, Pictures</b> - only shares the files of the specified type.</li>
 
−
            </ul>
 
−
        </td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Media directories</td>
 
−
      <td>filepath(s); default: <b>/mnt</b></td>
 
−
      <td>A list of directories that will be scanned by the DLNA service and made available to clients. You can also specify what types of files should be displayed from the directy. Use 'A' for audio, 'V' for video, 'P' for images followed by a comma and the path to the directory. For example:
 
−
            <ul>
 
−
                <li><i>A,/mnt</i> - share only audio files from the <i>/mnt/sda1</i> directory.</li>
 
−
                <li><i>V,/mnt</i> - share only video files from the <i>/mnt/sda1</i> directory.</li>
 
−
                <li><i>P,/mnt</i> - share only image files from the <i>/mnt/sda1</i> directory.</li>
 
−
            </ul>Click the plus symbol to add more directories.
 
−
        </td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Album art names</td>
 
−
      <td>filename(s); default: <b>Album.jpg</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Name of the file(s) to check when searching for album art images. Click the plus symbol to specify more file names.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
</table>
 
−
 
−
===Advanced Settings===
 
−
----
 
−
[[File:Networking_rutos_manual_dlna_advanced_settings.png|border|class=tlt-border]]
 
−
 
−
<table class="nd-mantable">
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
        <th>Field</th>
 
−
      <th>Value</th>
 
−
      <th>Description</th>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Interfaces</td>
 
−
      <td>network interface; default: <b>br-lan</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Network interface(s) on which this DLNA server will be hosted.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Database directory</td>
 
−
      <td>filepath; default: <b>/var/run/minidlna</b></td>
 
−
      <td>The directory where DLNA will store its database and album art cache.</td>
 
−
    </tr><!--
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Log directory</td>
 
−
      <td>filepath; default: <b>/var/log</b></td>
 
−
      <td>The directory where DLNA will store its log file.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
--> <tr>
 
−
      <td>Enable inotify</td>
 
−
      <td>off | on; default: <b>on</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Turns inotify on or off. Inotify is a Linux kernel subsystem that notices changes to the filesystem and reports on these changes to applications, in this case, the DLNA service.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Enable TIVO</td>
 
−
      <td>off | on; default: <b>off</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Turn support for streaming .jpg and .mp3 files to a TiVo supporting HMO on or off.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Strict to DLNA standard</td>
 
−
      <td>off | on; default: <b>off</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Set this to strictly adhere to DLNA standards. Turning this on will allow server-side downscaling of very large JPEG images, which may hurt JPEG serving performance on (at least) Sony DLNA products.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
    <tr>
 
−
      <td>Notify interval</td>
 
−
      <td>integer; default: <b>900</b></td>
 
−
      <td>Notify interval in seconds.</td>
 
−
    </tr>
 
−
</table>
 
−
 
 
[[Category:{{{name}}} Services section]]
 
[[Category:{{{name}}} Services section]]

Revision as of 14:10, 5 March 2021

Template:Networking rutos manual fw disclosure

Summary

The USB Tools page is used to manage services related to the device's USB connector.

This chapter of the user manual provides an overview of the USB Tools page in {{{name}}} devices.

If you're having trouble finding this page or some of the parameters described here on your device's WebUI, you should turn on "Advanced WebUI" mode. You can do that by clicking the "Advanced" button, located at the top of the WebUI.

Networking rutos manual webui basic advanced mode 75.gif

General

The General section is used to manage global USB settings. It consists of two subsections:

USB Mount Settings

The USB Mount Settings section is used to set the transfer type (synchronous or asynchronous) for the USB device.

Networking rutos manual usb tools general usb mount settings.png

Synchronous ensures that all changes to the according filesystem are immediately flushed to disk. Enabling this will drastically lower the life expectancy of your USB device.

Mounted File Systems

The Mounted File Systems list displays USB mass storage devices (MSD) currently attached to this device.

Networking rutos manual usb tools general mounted file systems.png

Field Value Description
Filesystem filepath; default: /dev/sd* The filesystem of the attached USB MSD.
Mount Point filepath; default: /mnt/sd* The root directory of the mounted filesystem.
Available string; default: none Displays available storage information for a mounted USB MSD.
Used string; default: none Displays used storage information for a mounted USB MSD.
In Use string; default: none Indicates whether a USB MSD is currently in use by some device service or not.

The 'Unmount' button next to each entry in the list is used to unmount an attached USB device. Please make sure to unmount a USB device before physically detaching it from the {{{name}}}.

The 'Refresh' is used to refresh the information in the Mounted File Systems list. If you attach a new USB device and cannot see it in the list, try clicking the 'Refresh' button.

Printer Server

The Printer Server feature provides the possibility to configure access to a printer that is connected to the USB port of the device. After the printer is connected to the device's USB port and configured, it can be utilized by users in the local network (LAN, WiFi) or remotely.

The 'Add' button lets you add and manage additional printers. To configure a printer instance, click the Edit button located next to it:

Networking rutos manual usb tools printer server printer server.png

Field Value Description
Enable off | on; default: off Turns USB printer support on or off.
Device filepath; default: /dev/usb/lp0 Printer's device file.
Port integer [9100..9109]; default: 9100 Printer's TCP port.
Bidirectional mode off | on; default: on Turns bidirectional mode on or off.

For step-by-step instructions on how to use a printer with {{{name}}}, [[How to set up a USB printer (Windows, {{{name}}})|click here]]==USB to Serial==

The device's USB connector can also be used as a serial port.

Networking rutos manual usb tools printer server usb to serial.png

Field Value Description
Enabled off | on; default: off Turns the USB to Serial service on or off.
Baud rate 300 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 57600 | 115200; default: 115200 Data rate for serial data transmission (in bits per second).
Data bits 5 | 6 | 7 | 8; default: 8 Number of data bits for each character
Parity None | Odd | Even; default: None In serial transmission, parity is a method of detecting errors. An extra data bit is sent with each data character, arranged so that the number of 1 bits in each character, including the parity bit, is always odd or always even. If a byte is received with the wrong number of 1s, then it must have been corrupted. However, an even number of errors can pass the parity check.
  • None (N) - no parity method is used
  • Odd (O) - the parity bit is set so that the number of "logical ones (1s)" has to be odd.
  • Even (E) - the parity bit is set so that the number of "logical ones (1s)" has to be even.
Stop bits 1 | 2; default: 1 Stop bits sent at the end of every character allow the receiving signal hardware to detect the end of a character and to resynchronise with the character stream. Electronic devices usually use one stop bit. Two stop bits are required if slow electromechanical devices are used.
Flow control None | RTS/CTS | Xon/Xoff; default: None In many circumstances a transmitter might be able to send data faster than the receiver is able to process it. To cope with this, serial lines often incorporate a "handshaking" method, usually distinguished between hardware and software handshaking.
  • RTS/CTS - hardware handshaking. RTS and CTS are turned OFF and ON from alternate ends to control data flow, for instance when a buffer is almost full.
  • Xon/Xoff - software handshaking. The Xon and Xoff characters are sent by the receiver to the sender to control when the sender will send data, i.e., these characters go in the opposite direction to the data being sent. The circuit starts in the "sending allowed" state. When the receiver's buffers approach capacity, the receiver sends the Xoff character to tell the sender to stop sending data. Later, after the receiver has emptied its buffers, it sends an Xon character to tell the sender to resume transmission.
Serial type Console

Storage Memory Expansion

The Storage Memory Expansion function provides the possibility to expand the device's flash memory with a USB Mass Storage Device (MSD) and use the extra memory to install additional software packages. This section provides instruction on how to do just that. However, there are a few prerequisites and warnings to take note of before using memory expansion.

To be eligible for memory expansion, the USB MSD must meet the following restrictions.

  • The MSD must be the last one (chronologically) inserted.
  • If you are using a USB hub, the target MSD must be the last one attached to the hub.
  • No important data on the MSD as it will be wiped during expansion setup!

When expansion is enabled, do not detach the USB device as this will delete the data stored on it. Changes made to the device configuration while expansion was enabled will disappear after it is disabled.

Enabling memory expansion

To successfully expand the flash memory of your device follow the steps described below.

  1. Attach a USB Mass Storage Device (MSD) to the USB connector on the device and go to the Services → Storage Memory Expansion page.
  2. Set the 'Enable storage expansion' slider to 'on' and click 'Save & Apply'.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion enable 1.png
  3. You will see a pop-up asking for confirmation. Take note that if you continue from this point on:
    • your USB device's memory will be wiped and formatted to ext2 format;
    • your device's current configuration will be backed up and restored to this point if the USB drive is removed or memory expansion is disabled;
    • the entire procedure may take a very long time and includes a reboot at the end; exact time will vary depending on the size of the MSD (larger size will take longer; for example, using a 128 GB drive will take about 2 hours to fully set up, while a 16 GB will only take about 5 minutes).
    Click 'Continue' to proceed.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion enable 2.png
  4. If all is in order you should see a 'Formatting MSD...' message on the screen. This indicates that the MSD is being formatted and integrated with the system. This procedure can take a long time and ends with a reboot of the device.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion enable 3.png
  5. Your device's flash memory will be expanded once the reboot has finished. In order to check, log in to the WebUI and look to the 'System' widget in the 'Overview' page. Hover your mouse cursor over the 'FLASH' memory indicator; you should see an increase to the device's flash memory.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion enable 4.png

Disabling memory expansion

To successfully disable memory expansion follow the steps described below.

  1. Go to the Services → Storage Memory Expansion page.
  2. Set the 'Enable storage expansion' slider to 'off' and click 'Save & Apply'.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion disable 1.png
  3. You will see a pop-up asking for confirmation. Take note that if you continue from this point on:
    • your USB device's memory will be wiped and formatted to NTFS format;
    • your device's configuration will be restored to the point it was before memory expansion;
    • the entire procedure will take up to 2 minutes including a reboot.
    Click 'Continue' to proceed.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion disable 2.png
  4. If all is in order you should see a 'Formatting MSD...' message on the screen. This indicates that the MSD is being formatted and detached from the system. This procedure can take up to a couple of minutes and ends with a reboot of the device.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion disable 3.png
  5. Your device's flash memory will be restored to normal once the reboot has finished. In order to check, log in to the WebUI and look to the 'System' widget in the 'Overview' page. Hover your mouse cursor over the 'FLASH' memory indicator; you should see your device's flash memory return to its regular size.
    Networking rutos manual storage memory expansion disable 4.png

Network Shares

The Network Shares section is used to manage Network-attached storage (NAS) such as USB drives and hard drives. The {{{name}}} device supports the following file system architectures:

  • FAT
  • FAT32
  • NTFS

General Settings

The General section is used to set up Samba - a software solution for using the Server Message Block (SMB) networking protocol, which provides shared file access between nodes on a computer network. Refer to the figures and table below for more information about Samba configuration.

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares general samba general settings.png

Field Value Description
Enable off | on; default: off Turns Samba on or off.
Hostname string; default: Router_share Name of the Samba server.
Description string; default: Router share Short description about the Same server.
Workgroup string; default: WORKGROUP Name of the server's workgroup.
Share home-directories off | on; default: on Allows system users to reach their home directories via network shares.

Edit Template

The Edit Template section is used to make modifications to the template that is used for generating the Samba configuration. This is the content of the /etc/samba/smb.conf.template file from which your Samba configuration will be generated. Values enclosed by pipe symbols ('|') should not be changed. They get their values from the 'General Settings' tab.

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares general samba edit template.png

Format USB

The Format USB section contains only one button that is used for formatting an attached USB drive.

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares general samba format usb.png

Shared Directories

The Shared Directories section is used to configure access to the device's files and directories, including USB storage drives. The list of Shared Directories is empty by default; click the 'Add' button in order to create a new configuration:

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares general shared directories add button.png

The newly added Shared Directory configuration should look similar to this:

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares general shared directories.png

Field Value Description
Name string; default: none Name of a shared directory.
Path filepath; default: /mnt/ Path to a shared directory. To share an entire drive, choose an automatically generated path from this drop-down box (for example, /mnt/sda1). To share a specific directory on the drive, specify the full path to that directory (for example, /mnt/sda1/shared/video).
Allowed users samba user(s); default: none Samba user(s) that are permitted to access a Shared Directory. Users can be created from the Users menu tab.
Read-only off | on; default: off Makes a Shared Directory read-only, which means the directory can only be accessed to view and read files (not write).
Browseable off | on; default: on Makes a Shared Directory browsable; i.e., visible in shared directory network discovery.
Allow guests off | on; default: off Turns guest access on or off. Guest access allows anonymous connections to a Shared Directory.
Delete -(interactive button) Deletes a Shared Directory configuration.

To connect to the router's SAMBA server from Windows, specify the address in this format: 

\\smb_server_address\share_name

Replace smb_server_address with the IP address of this device or SAMBA share hostname; replace share_name with the name of the "share" (as specified in the 'Name' field). For example: 

\\192.168.1.1\my_share
\\Router_share\johns_files

Users

The Users section is used to create Samba users that can be granted access to Shared Directories. To add a new user, enter a custom username, password and click the 'Add' button.

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares users add button.png

The newly added User should appear in the Users list. To change the password of a Samba User, click the 'Edit' button located next to it:

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares users edit button.png

This will redirect you to the Settings page for that User which should look similar to this:

Networking rutos manual usb tools network shares users user settings.png [[Category:{{{name}}} Services section]]

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