RUT360 Wireless

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Main Page > EOL Products > RUT360 > RUT360 Manual > RUT360 WebUI > RUT360 Network section > RUT360 Wireless

The information in this page is updated in accordance with firmware version RUT3_R_00.07.10.2.


Summary

The Wireless section of the Network tab can be used to manage and configure WiFi Access Points, WiFi Stations (clients) and WiFi devices. This chapter of the user manual provides an overview of the Wireless section for RUT360 devices. If you're having trouble finding this page or some of the parameters described here on your device's WebUI, you should turn on "Advanced WebUI" mode. You can do that by clicking the "Advanced" button, located at the top of the WebUI.

Wireless

RUT360 devices support IEEE 802.11b/g/n and 802.11e_WMM wireless technologies.

SSIDS

The SSIDs section is used to configure your wireless access points (AP) and wireless clients (STA).

Above is the overview of the SSIDS Overview window. It displays active access pointsand stations. Here you can turn on or off your WiFi interfaces, remove them or start configuring by clicking on 

Edit button on the right side of interface.To configure your Wireless device as Client press Scan button to scan the surrounding area and attempt to connect to a new wireless access point.


Radio

The Global Settings section is used for configuring the country code which is used for regulatory purposes (different areas allow different maximum transmit power and operating frequencies) and WiFi hardware parameters. You can change parameters by clicking the 'Edit' button next to a wireless device (not an interface) in the Network → SSIDS page:

Field Value Description
Country code country code; default: US - United States SO/IEC 3166 alpha2 country codes as defined in ISO 3166-1 standard.

General Setup

The General Setup section is used to turn a wireless device on or off, select the operating frequency (WiFi mode, channel and channel width) and transmit power.

A wireless 2.4 GHz WiFi channel requires a signaling band roughly 22 MHz wide, radio frequencies of neighboring channels numbers significantly overlap each other. Choose a WiFi channel according to the busyness of other channels. You can download a free WiFi analyzer app on your phone, laptop or other WiFi device and check which channel is the least populated.

Many home networks utilize routers that by default run on channel 6 on the 2.4 GHz band. Neighboring WiFi home networks that run over the same channel generate radio interference that can cause significant network performance slowdowns for users. Reconfiguring a network to run on a different wireless channel helps minimize these slowdowns. Therefore, pick a channel with no other active Access Points and preferably one that has no active Access Point on two adjacent channels on each side as well. If you don't feel like doing this, set the 'Channel' field to Auto and the device will pick the least busy channel in your location automatically.

Field Value Description
Enable off | on; default: on Turns Wireless device on or off.
Operating Frequency (2.4 GHz)
Mode N | Legacy; default: N Wireless N (802.11n) supports a maximum theoretical transfer rate of 300mbps with 2 antennas. It can reach up to 450 Mbps with 3 antennas. Though typical speeds are more accurately around 130 Mbps. The legacy standards include 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g.
Channel Auto | 1 (2412 MHz) | 2 (2417 MHz) | 3 (2422 MHz) | 4 (2427 MHz) | 5 (2432 MHz) | 6 (2437 MHz) | 7 (2442 MHz) | 8 (2447 MHz) | 9 (2452 MHz) | 10 (2457 MHz) | 11 (2462 MHz); default: Auto A wireless 2.4 GHz WiFi channel requires a signaling band roughly 22 MHz wide, radio frequencies of neighboring channels numbers significantly overlap each other. Therefore, pick a channel with no other active Access Points and preferably one that has no active Access Point on two adjacent channels on each side as well.
Width 20 MHz | 40 MHz; default: 20 MHz A 40 MHz channel width bonds two 20 MHz channels together, forming a 40 MHz channel width; therefore, it allows for greater speed and faster transfer rates. But not if those channels are crowded with noise and interference. In crowded areas with a lot of frequency noise and interference, a single 20MHz channel will be more stable. 40MHz channel width allows for greater speed and faster transfer rates but it doesn’t perform as well in crowded areas.
Transmit Power [5%...100%]; default: 100 % The transmit power of an access point radio is proportional to its effective range – the higher the transmit power, the more distance that a signal can travel, and/or the more physical materials that it can effectively penetrate and still have data successfully resolved at the receiver.

Advanced Settings

The Advanced Settings section is used to configure how the wireless Access Point will work from a hardware perspective.

Field Value Description
Operating Frequency (2.4 GHz)
Allow legacy 802.11b rates off | on; default: on Turn on to enable connections that uses legacy 802.11b standard.
Distance Optimization integer [0..65535]; default: none HT Distance to farthest network member in meters.
Fragmentation threshold integer [256..2346]; default: none The smallest packet size that can be fragmented and transmitted by multiple frames. In areas were interference is a problem, setting a lower fragment threshold might help reduce the probability of unsuccessful packet transfers, thus increasing speed
RTS/CTS threshold integer [0..2347]; default: none RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) are mechanisms, used to reduce frame collisions introduced by the hidden node problem. It can help resolve problems arising when several access points are in the same area, contending
Force 40MHz mode off | on; default: off Always use 40MHz channels even if the secondary channel overlaps. Using this option does not comply with IEEE 802.11n-2009!
Beacon interval integer [15..65535]; default: none Beacon signal interval in seconds.

SSIDs Configuration

The Interface Configuration section is used to configure the parameters of Wireless Access Points or Clients. You can find this section by clicking the 'Edit' button next to a wireless interface (not a device) in the Network → SSIDs page:

General Setup

The General Setup tab contains basic options for SSID and network interface.

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Field Value Description
Enable off | on; default: on Enables or disables WiFi interface.
Mode Client | Access Point | Mesh | Multi AP; default: Access Point Defines what role this interface will do, Access point to supply WiFi for other devices, Client to use other devices WiFi for WWAN and Mesh to act as mesh network gateway or a node in a mesh network.
Access Point mode
SSID Factory SSID is different for every device; default: Service Set Identifier is a name used to identify access point which is shown when client tries to connect to it.
Password string; default: none
  • Custom passphrase used for authentication (at least 8 characters long).
  • Another option is to use the 'Dice' icon, which generates random passwords.
    		•
    Network network interfaces | +add new; default: lan Choose the network(s) you want to attach to this wireless interface or fill out the create field to define a new network.
    802.11r Fast Transition off | on; default: off Enables fast roaming among access points that belong to the same Mobility Domain
    Client mode
    Auto-reconnect on | off; default: on Enables automatic reconnection to the configured access point on connection loss.
    SSID Factory SSID is different for every device; default: Extended Service Set Identifier is a name used to identify access point to which client will connect.
    BSSID mac address; default: none Basic service set identifier.
    Password string; default: none
  • Custom passphrase used for authentication (at least 8 characters long).
  • Another option is to use the 'Dice' icon, which generates random passwords.
    		•
    Network network interfaces; default: Auto Choose the network you want to attach to this wireless interface or fill out the Custom field to define a new network (you will be redirected to the newly created network configuration page).
    Mesh mode
    Mesh ID integer; default: none Mesh network identifier.
    Password string; default: none
  • Custom passphrase used for authentication (at least 8 characters long).
  • Another option is to use the 'Dice' icon, which generates random passwords.
    		•
    Network network interfaces; default: Auto Choose the network you want to attach to this wireless interface or fill out the Custom field to define a new network (you will be redirected to the newly created network configuration page).
    Multi AP
    Network network interfaces; default: Auto Choose the network you want to attach to this wireless interface or fill out the Custom field to define a new network (you will be redirected to the newly created network configuration page).
    Scan time (sec) number; default: 60 Time between scans of available access points (minimum 30 sec.)
    Upload AP list - (interactive button) Uploads a list of access point configurations.

    Additional Settings

    Field Value Description
    Access point
    Hide SSID on | off; default: off Hide Service Set Identifier
    Isolate Clients off | on; default: off Prevents client to client communication on the same subnet.
    802.11v BSS Transition Management on | off; default: off A suggestion (or advice) given to a client, which the client can choose to follow or ignore
    802.11k Radio Resource Measurement on | off; default: off Helps devices search quickly for nearby APs that are available as roaming targets by creating an optimized list of channels.
    Disassociate On Low Acknowledgement off | on; default: on Allow AP mode to disconnect stations/clients based on low Acknowledgement condition.

    Field Value Description
    Client & Multi AP
    Enable fast roaming off | on; default: off Requests background scans for the purpose of roaming within an ESS.
    Redirect captive portal off | on; default: off Also known as Travelmate. Enables captive portal redirection. More information about using Travelmate can be found here.

    Field Value Description
    Mesh
    Forward mesh peer traffic off | on; default: off Enables mesh peer traffic forwarding.
    RSSI threshold for joining integer [0..1]; default: 0 0 = not using RSSI threshold, 1 = do not change driver default.

    Wireless Security

    The Wireless Security tab is used to determine what kind of encryption your WLAN will use.

    Field Value Description
    Encryption No encryption | WPA-PSK | WPA2-PSK | WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK Mixed Mode | WPA3-SAE | WPA2-PSK/WPA3-SAE Mixed Mode | OWE | WPA-EAP | WPA2-EAP | WPA2-EAP/WPA3-EAP Mixed Mode | WPA3-EAP Mixed Mode | WPA3-EAP; default: WPA2-PSK The type of encryption used on this Wireless Interface.

    Opportunistic Wireless Encryption (OWE) - no password is required and

    all wireless traffic is encrypted (safer than No Encryption).
    WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK Mixed Mode, WPA3-EAP
    Cipher Auto | Force CCMP (AES) | Force TKIP | Force TKIP and CCMP (AES); default: Auto An algorithm for performing encryption or decryption.
    WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK Mixed Mode, WPA3-SAE, WPA2-PSK/WPA3-SAE Mixed Mode
    Password string; default: none
  • Custom passphrase used for authentication (at least 8 characters long).
  • Another option is to use the 'Dice' icon, which generates random passwords.
    		•
    WPA-EAP, WPA2-EAP, WPA2-EAP/WPA3-EAP Mixed Mode, WPA3-EAP
    Radius-Authentication-Server string; default: none Ip address of the authentification server.
    Radius-Authentication-Port string; default: none Default port for the server is 1812.
    Radius-Authentication-Secret string; default: none Server's shared secret.
    Radius-Accounting-Server string; default: none Ip address of the accounting server.
    Radius-Accounting-Port string; default: none Default port for the server is 1813.
    Radius-Accounting-Secret string; default: none Server's shared secret.
    NAS id string; default: none Network access server identifier.
    Mesh mode: WPA3-SAE, No encryption
    Password string; default: none
  • Custom passphrase used for authentication (at least 8 characters long).
  • Another option is to use the 'Dice' icon, which generates random passwords.
    		•
    Client mode: WPA-EAP, WPA2-EAP, WPA2-EAP/WPA3-EAP Mixed Mode, WPA3-EAP
    EAP-Method TLS | TTLS | PEAP | FAST; default: TLS Network access server identifier.
    Use PKCS#12 format off | on; default: off Use PKCS#12 file format for client certificate.
    PKCS#12 client certificate file - (interactive button) Use PKCS#12 file format for client certificate.
    PKCS#12 passphrase string; default: none Passphrase used to decrypt PKCS #12 certificates..
    Certificate files from device off | on; default: off Choose this option if you want to select certificate files from device.
    CA-Certificate .crt file; default: none This file can have one or more trusted CA certificates. If CA-Certificate is not included, server certificate will not be verified. This is insecure and a trusted CA-Certificate should always be configured when using EAP-TLS/TTLS/PEAP/FAST.
    Client-Certificate .crt file; default: none Client certificate is a type of digital certificate that is used by client systems to make authenticated requests to a remote server. Client certificates play a key role in many mutual authentication designs, providing strong assurances of a requester's identity..
    Private Key .key file; default: none TLS client key file.
    Password of Private Key string; default: none Password of Private Key.
    Authentication EAP-GTC | EAP-MD5 | EAP-MSCHAPv2 | EAP-TLS | PAP | CHAP | MSCHAP | MSCHAPv2; default: EAP-GTC Used as the username for authentication.
    Inner certificate files from device off | on; default: off Choose this option if you want to select certificate files from device.
    Inner CA-Certificate .crt file; default: none Inner CA-Certificate.
    Inner Client-Certificate .crt file; default: none Inner Client-Certificate.
    Inner Private Key .key file; default: none Inner Private Key.
    Password of inner Private Key string; default: none Password of inner Private Key.
    Identity string; default: none Used as the username for authentication.
    Anonymous Identity string; default: none Shown as username outside the encrypted tunnel. Not used for authentication.
    Password string; default: none Used for authentication.

    MAC Filter

    The MAC Filter tab is used for setting up rules that allow or exclude devices with specified MAC addresses from connecting to your WiFi network. This tab is only visible when Wireless interface Mode is set to Access Point.

    Field Value Description
    MAC-address filter Disable | Allow listed only | Allow all except listed; default: Disable Defines how the MAC Filter should function.
    • Allow listed only – only allows devices with specified MAC addresses to connect to your Wireless Access Point.
    • Allow all except listed - blocks devices with specified MAC addresses from connecting to your Wireless Access Point.
    MAC-List MAC; default: none List of MAC addresses to be included or excluded from connecting to your Wireless Access Point.
    Remove from whitelist off | on; default: off Enables MAC removal from whitelist when device reaches IP block counter.

    Advanced Settings

    Field Value Description
    Access point
    Short Preamble off | on; default: on Uses Short Preamble, it uses shorter data strings that adds less data to transmit the error redundancy check which means that it is much faster.
    DTIM interval seconds; default: none Delivery Traffic Indication Message Interval.
    Time interval for rekeying GTK seconds; default: none Period of time in between automatic changes of the group key, which all devices on the network share.
    Disable Inactivity Polling off | on; default: off Inactivity polling can be disabled to disconnect stations based on inactivity timeout so that idle stations are more likely to be disconnected even if they are still in range of the AP.
    Station inactivity limit seconds; default: none Station inactivity limit in seconds. If a station/client does not send anything in st time frame, an empty data frame is sent to it in order to verify whether it is still in range. If this frame is not acknowledged, the station will be disassociated and then deauthenticated.
    Maximum allowed Listen Interval positive integer; default: none Association will be refused if a client/station attempts to associate with a listen interval greater than this value.
    WDS off | on; default: off A Wireless Distribution System (WDS) is a system that enables the wireless interconnection of access points (APs) in a network.
    WMM Mode off | on; default: on Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM), previously known as Wireless Multimedia Extensions (WME), is a subset of the 802.11e wireless LAN (WLAN) specification that enhances quality of service (QoS) on a network by prioritizing data packets according to four categories.
    802.11w Management frame protection Disabled | Optional | Required; default: Disabled Enables Management frame protection (MFP or PMF). By default it is set to 'Required' when using WPA3 encryption.

    Field Value Description
    Client
    Short Preamble off | on; default: on Uses Short Preamble, it uses shorter data strings that adds less data to transmit the error redundancy check which means that it is much faster.
    DTIM interval seconds; default: none Delivery Traffic Indication Message Interval.
    Time interval for rekeying GTK seconds; default: none Period of time in between automatic changes of the group key, which all devices on the network share.
    Disable Inactivity Polling off | on; default: off Inactivity polling can be disabled to disconnect stations based on inactivity timeout so that idle stations are more likely to be disconnected even if they are still in range of the AP.
    Station inactivity limit seconds; default: none Station inactivity limit in seconds. If a station/client does not send anything in st time frame, an empty data frame is sent to it in order to verify whether it is still in range. If this frame is not acknowledged, the station will be disassociated and then deauthenticated.
    Maximum allowed Listen Interval positive integer; default: none Association will be refused if a client/station attempts to associate with a listen interval greater than this value.
    WDS off | on; default: off A Wireless Distribution System (WDS) is a system that enables the wireless interconnection of access points (APs) in a network


    Field Value Description
    Mesh & Multi AP
    Short Preamble off | on; default: on Uses Short Preamble, it uses shorter data strings that adds less data to transmit the error redundancy check which means that it is much faster.
    DTIM interval seconds; default: none Delivery Traffic Indication Message Interval.
    Time interval for rekeying GTK seconds; default: none Period of time in between automatic changes of the group key, which all devices on the network share.
    Disable Inactivity Polling off | on; default: off Inactivity polling can be disabled to disconnect stations based on inactivity timeout so that idle stations are more likely to be disconnected even if they are still in range of the AP.
    Station inactivity limit seconds; default: none Station inactivity limit in seconds. If a station/client does not send anything in st time frame, an empty data frame is sent to it in order to verify whether it is still in range. If this frame is not acknowledged, the station will be disassociated and then deauthenticated.
    Maximum allowed Listen Interval positive integer; default: none Association will be refused if a client/station attempts to associate with a listen interval greater than this value.

    Fast Transition

    The Fast Transition tab is only available when in General setup section 802.11r Fast Transition option is enabled.

    Field Value Description
    NAS id string; default: empty Used for fast transition and Radius server.
    Mobility Domain HEX string; default: empty 4-character hexadecimal ID
    Reassociation Deadline integer [1000..65535]; default: empty Time units (TUs / 1.024 ms)
    FT protocol FT over DS | FT over Air; default: FT over DS Defines how nagotiation will happen using Fast Transition protocol.

    Fast Roaming

    The Fast Roaming tab is only available when in General setup section Client mode is selected and in Advanced settings tab Enable fast roaming option is enabled.

    Field Value Description
    Mode Simple | Learn; default: Simple Defines how the MAC Filter should function.
    • Simple: Periodic background scans based on signal strengt
    • Learn: Learns channels used by the network and tries to avoid scans on other channels
    Short interval integer [5..86400]; default: 30 Defines the interval between background scans (in seconds) if the actual signal level of the currently connected access point is worse than signal threshold
    Long interval integer [5..86400]; default: 300 Defines the interval between background scans (in seconds) if the actual signal level of the currently connected access point is better than signal threshold
    Signal threshold integer [-90..-30]; default: -70 Defines a threshold (in dBm) that determines if short interval or longer interval will be used

    Configuration examples

    Client Mode

    RUT360 can also work as a WiFi client. Configuring client mode is nearly identical to Access Point, except for the fact that most of the options are dictated by the WiFi Access Point that the router is connecting to. Changing them can result in an interrupted connection to that router.

    To begin configuring WiFi Client first click the 'Scan' button to scan the surrounding area and attempt to connect to a new wireless access point.

    After which you will be redirected to the window shown below, where you will see list of available WiFi Access Points in the area. Choose one according to your liking and press the Join Network button next to it.

    You again will be redirected to following window, where you will need to enter WPA passphrase.

    Next window that opens will be Device Configuration. Values there, mostly, should be left unchanged to avoid connection problems, because they are dictated by Access Point. Other than that, only difference from Access Point settings are in Interface Configuration → General Setup section, where Mode is set to Client, and Network attached to this wireless interface is wifi1 instead of LAN

    Click Save & Apply and if you configured correctly, you will have Wireless Client working.

    Mesh Mode

    RUT360 can also be configured as a mesh gateway or as a node (router) connecting to a mesh gateway.

    When RUT360 is configured as mesh gateway it provides internet access to other mesh nodes. When configured as mesh node it acts as a mesh router which forwards traffic to and from mesh gateway. Nodes also connect other wireless devices to the network such as laptops and cellphones.

    For complete wireless mesh network example please visit Wireless Mesh configuration example.

    Mesh Gateway

    When configuring RUT360 as a mesh gateway internet connectivity is required.

    To begin click the 'Add' button below of wireless interface in the Network → Wireless page:

    In General Setup tab change Mode to Mesh, set Mesh ID (this number has to be the same in all nodes that connect to this wireless mesh network) and select desired Network which will be attached to the interface. Click Save & Apply.

    Networking rutos manual wireless mesh gateway general settings

    Next navigate to Wireless Security tab and select WPA3-SAE encryption to add authentication layer. The password must match in all devices within the mesh network.

    Networking rutos manual wireless mesh gateway security

    Lastly, in Advanced Settings tab enable Forward mesh peer traffic and set RSSI threshold for joining to -80. Leave the rest as set by default.

    Networking rutos manual wireless mesh gateway advanced settings

    Click Save & Apply and if you configured correctly, you will have wireless mesh gateway ready.

    Mesh Node

    Mesh node is configured the same way as mesh gateway. Node has to match gateway's wireless mesh interface configuration. Additionally, WAN interface has to be setup as DHCP client:

    1. Access router‘s WebUI. Navigate to Network → WAN.

    2. Press edit button on the right of the WAN interface.

    3. Change Protocol to DHCP and select necessary device . Click Save & Apply and If everything was setup correctly, mesh node should be ready use.

    Multi AP

    The Multi AP feature is used to configure access to multiple wireless access points from one page. To create Multi AP wireless interface click the 'Add' button below of wireless interface in the Network → Wireless page:

    In General Setup tab change Mode to Multi AP, select desired Network which will be attached to the interface. You can also select scan time and upload file with Access Points list.

    Access Points

    You can either configure multiple access points from this page of the WebUI or you can upload a file with a list of access point configurations. The file should contains WiFi access point configuration options and values, which should be defined as option: value (for example, ssid: home_wifi). The SSID option is mandatory.

    Field Value Description
    SSID string; default: none SSID of an access point.
    Key string; default: none Pre-shared key, a custom passphrase used for user authentication (at least 8 characters long).
    Enable off | on; default: off Turns an access point configuration on or off.
    Delete - (interactive button) Deletes the access point configuration next to the button.

    Option names in the file should be provided in lower case letters. AP list file example: 

    ssid: RUT_1
enable: 1
key: 12345678
ssid: RUT_2
enable: 0
key: 87654321

    Once uploaded, the contents of the file should become visible in the Access Points list.

    WiFi QR codes

    Each WiFi interface has a specially designed QR code that contains information about the SSID and password of the WiFi network. After pressing the button , a QR code appears with the network's SSID and password, which you can download locally by pressing the 'Download' button. If you only want a QR code without additional information, uncheck the 'Include credentials' box.

    Relay Configuration

    The Relay Configuration section is used to relay and dynamically redirect incoming connections to a target host. Its main purpose is extending the wireless network. For example, when the device is in Wireless Station (client) mode, it can be used to bridge WAN and LAN interfaces to create a larger wireless network.
    You can find a detailed usage example here.


    Field Value Description
    Enabled off | on; default: off Turns the relay configuration on or off.
    Interface network interface; default: none Network interface associated with the wireless interface.
    Wireless interface network interface; default: none Wireless interface associated with the relay configuration.
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