RUT955 Routing (legacy WebUI)

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The information in this page is updated in accordance with firmware version RUT9XX_R_00.06.09.5.

Note: this user manual page is for RUT955's old WebUI style available in earlier FW versions. Click here for information based on the latest FW version.

Summary

This chapter of the user manual provides an overview of the Routing page for RUT955 devices.

Static Routes

Static Routes specify over which interface and gateway a certain host or network can be reached. In this page you can configure your own custom routes.

Network routing static routes.PNG

Field Value Description
Routing table Main | WAN | WAN2 | WAN3; default: Main Defines which table will be used for the route in question.
Interface LAN | WAN(Wired) | WAN2(Mobile) | WAN3(WiFi) | VPN instances; default: LAN The zone where the target network resides.
Destination address* ip; default: none The address of the destination network.
Netmask* ip; default: none A Mask that is applied to the Target to determine to what actual IP addresses the routing rule applies.
Gateway ip; default: none Defines where the router should send all the traffic that applies to the rule.
Metric integer; default: none The Metric value is used as a sorting measure. If a packet about to be routed fits two rules, the one with the higher metric is applied.

*Additional notes on Destination & Netmask:

You can define a rule that applies to a single IP like this: Destination - some IP; Netmask - 255.255.255.255. Furthermore, you can define a rule that applies to a segment of IPs like this: Destination – some IP that STARTS some segment; Netmask – Netmask that defines how large the segment is. e.g.:

Field Value Description
192.168.55.161 255.255.255.255 Only applies to 192.168.55.161
192.168.55.0 255.255.255.240 Applies to IPs in the 192.168.55.0 - 192.168.55.15
192.168.55.240 255.255.255.240 192.168.55.240 - 192.168.55.255
192.168.55.161 255.255.255.0 192.168.55.0 - 192.168.55.255
192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255


Static ARP Entries


Static ARP Entries are used to bind a MAC address to a specific IP address. For example, if you want a device to get the same IP every time it connects to the router, you can create a Static ARP entry by binding that device’s MAC address to the desired IP address. The router will then create an entry in the ARP table, which in turn will make sure that that device will get the specified IP address every time.

Network routing static routes static arp entries.PNG

Dynamic Routes

BGP Protocol


Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet. The protocol is often classified as a path vector protocol but is sometimes also classed as a distance-vector routing protocol. The Border Gateway Protocol makes routing decisions based on paths, network policies, or rule-sets configured by a network administrator and is involved in making core routing decisions.

General Settings


Network routing dynamic routes bgp general.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles the BGP protocol on or off.
Enable vty yes | no; default: no Toggles vty access from LAN ON or OFF.
Import config - Uploads an external BGP configuration.

BGP Instance


Networking rut9xx routing dynamic routes bgp instance v1.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles the BGP instance on or off.
AS integer; default: none AS number is an identification of an autonomous system. BGP protocol uses the AS number for detecting whether the BGP connection is an internal one or external one. [Required].
BGP router ID string; default: none The router id is used by BGP to identify the routing device from which a packet originated. Default router ID Value is selected as the largest IP Address of the interface.
Network string; default: none Add an announcement network(s).
Redistribution options Connected routes | Kernel added routes | OSPF routes | Static routes; default: none Select routes which you want to redistribute into BGP.
Deterministic MED yes | no; default: no Enable to compare MED between same autonomous system ignoring their age.

BGP Peers


Network routing dynamic routes bgp peers.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles the BGP peer on or off.
Remote AS integer; default: none Neighbour's remote AS.
Remote address ip; default: none Neighbour's remote IPv4 address.

Access List Filters


Network routing dynamic routes bgp access list filters.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles the Access filter on or off.
Peer bgp peer; default: first peer on list Applies the rule for the specified peer.
Action Permit | Deny; default: Permit Denies or permits matched entry.
Network Any | ip; default: Any Applies filter rule for this source network.
Direction Inbound | Outbound; default: Inbound If direction is Inbound, the access list is applied to input routes. If direction is Outbound, the access list is applied to advertised routes.


RIP Protocol


The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols which employ the hop count as a routing metric. RIP prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on the number of hops allowed in a path from source to destination. The maximum number of hops allowed for RIP is 15, which limits the size of networks that RIP can support. A hop count of 16 is considered an infinite distance and the route is considered unreachable. RIP implements the split horizon, route poisoning and holddown mechanisms to prevent incorrect routing information from being propagated.

General


Network routing dynamic routes rip general.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles RIP Protocol on or off.
Enable vty yes | no; default: no Toggles vty access from LAN on or off.
Import config - Uses imported RIP configurations.
Version 2 | 1; default: 2 Specifies the version of RIP.
Neighbor ip; default: none Neighbour IP addres.

RIP Interfaces


Network routing dynamic routes rip rip interfaces.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles RIP Interface on or off.
Interface network interface; default: lo Network interface to be used with the RIP interface.
Passive interface yes | no; default: no Sets the specified interface to passive mode. On passive mode interface, all receiving packets are processed as normal and ripd does not send either multicast or unicast RIP packets.

Access list filters


Network routing dynamic routes rip access list filters.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles the Access filter on or off.
RIP interface RIP interface; default: first interface on list Applies the rule for the specified interface.
Action Permit | Deny; default: Permit Denies or permits matched entry.
Network Any | ip; default: Any Applies filter rule for this source network.
Direction Inbound | Outbound; default: Inbound If direction is Inbound, the access list is applied to input routes. If direction is Outbound the access list is applied to advertised routes.


OSPF Protocol


Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It uses a link state routing (LSR) algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols (IGPs), operating within a single autonomous system (AS). It is defined as OSPF Version 2 in RFC 2328 for IPv4.

General Settings


Network routing dynamic routes ospf general.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles OSPF Protocol on or off.
Enable vty yes | no; default: no Toggles vty access from LAN on or off.
Import config - Uses imported OSPF configurations.
Router ID ip; default: none Sets the router ID of the OSPF process. The router ID may be an IP address of the router, but not necessary, it also can be any arbitrary 32bit number.

OSPF Interface


Network routing dynamic routes ospf ospf interface.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles OSPF interface on or off.
Cost integer [1..65535]; default: 10 The cost Value is set to router-LSA’s metric field and used for SPF calculation.
Hello interval integer [1..65535]; default: 10 Hello packets will be sent at the frequency specified in this field (in seconds).
Router dead interval integer [1..65535]; default: 40 This Value must be the same for all routers attached to a common network.
Retransmit integer [1..65535]; default: 5 This Value is used when re-transmitting Database Description and Link State Request packets.
Priority integer [0..255]; default: 1 The router with the highest priority will be more eligible to become the Designated Router. Setting the Value to 0, makes the router ineligible to become the Designated Router.
Type Broadcast | Nonbroadcast | Point-to-point | Point-to-multipoint; default: none Set explicit network type for the specified interface.
Authentication None | Password | MD5 HMAC; default: none Specifies the authentication mode that should be used for the interface.

OSPF Networks


Network routing dynamic routes ospf networks.PNG

Field Value Description
Enable yes | no; default: no Toggles OSPF network on or off.
Network [a.b.c.d/m]; default: none This command specifies the OSPF enabled interface. If the interface has an address from the range a.b.c.d/m then enables OSPF on this interface so the router can provide network information to the other OSPF routers via this interface.
Area ospf area; default: none Specifies OSPF area.

NHRP


Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP) is a protocol or method that can be used so that a computer sending data to another computer can learn the most direct route (the fewest number of hops) to the receiving computer.

General Settings


Below is an example of NHRP General settings section.

Field Value Description
Enable service off | on; default: off Toggles NHRP between on or off.
Enable logging off | on; default: off Toggles NHRP logging between on or off.

Interfaces


Below is an example of NHRP Interface settings section.

Field Value Description
Enable off | on; default: off Toggles interface on or off.


By pressing Edit button you can find more settings related to NHRP Interface.

Interface parameters


Field Value Description
Enable off | on; default: off Enables DMVPN client.
Interface interfaces; default: br-lan Interface which will be using NHRP.
Network ID number; default: none Network ID of NHRP.
NHS None | Dynamic | Custom; default: none IP address of Next-Hop Server.
NBMA ip; default: none Non-Broadcast Multi-Access(NBMA) network IP address.
Hold-time number; default: 7200 Specifies the holding time for NHRP Registration Requests and Resolution Replies sent from this interface or shortcut-target. The holdtime is specified in seconds and defaults to two hours.
IPsec support off | on; default: off Use NHRP over IPsec.

Interface mapping


Field Value Description
IP address ip; default: none Network ID of NHRP.
NBMA ip; default: none IP address of Next-Hop Server.