Firmware Update via The Bootloader Menu for RutOS and TswOS Devices
Summary
A Bootloader is a program that loads the operating system or some other system software for the router after completion of the power-on self-tests; it is the loader for the operating system itself. The Bootloader menu is the router's special state that can be achieved before the Bootloader loads up the router's OS. While the router is in this state you can use it to upgrade the router's Firmware and Bootloader version. This chapter is guide on how to upgrade a Teltonika Network's devices' Firmware via the Bootloader menu.
Compatible devices
The bootloader menu is available on most devices running the RutOS or TswOS operating system. Devices such as unmanaged switches, Calyx hats, and modems do not have a bootloader menu.
The current exceptions are the TRB series, OXA series, and ALTOS series. Only TRB2 devices have a bootloader menu available. All other TRB series, OXA, and Altos series devices do not have a bootloader menu and cannot be recovered using it.
To confirm compatibility and view device-specific recovery instructions, visit the Device Recovery Options page in your device's Manual. (For example RUTX50 Device Recovery Options)
Please note: Managed Switches use a different IP for bootloader access from the rest of the devices - instead of 192.168.1.1, please use 192.168.1.2.
Video example
Upgrade
Firmware upgrade process via bootloader requires only few simple steps:
- power OFF the device;
- set a Static IP on your PC, e.g. 192.168.1.50;
- press and hold the RESET button on the back-panel side of the router;
- power ON the router and wait 5-8 seconds until all LAN LEDs start blinking simultaneously, then - release the RESET button;
- to enter the bootloader's WebUI, open your browser (Chrome, Firefox, Opera) in Private mode and enter http://192.168.1.1/index.html, or http://192.168.1.2/index.html (for managed switches)
- once in bootloader's WebUI you can upgrade the firmware.
See the details below for more information on each of these steps.
Set up a static IP address for your PC
When the Bootloader menu becomes accessible, the router will not be working in its regular state, i.e., all regular services will be disabled, including DHCP, that is why you will first need to setup a Static IP address on your PC to be able to reach the router.
If the router's bootloader address is 192.168.1.1, your PC's IP address should be in the first sub-net as well, for example: 192.168.1.50. The last number can be any number in the range of 2 - 254, i.e., 192.168.1.2 - 192.168.1.254. Your PC's IP can't be the same as the router's (192.168.1.1 or 192.168.1.2 for switches), it can't be 192.168.1.255 and 192.168.1.0 as well.
A short guide on how to set up a static IP address will be presented bellow based on your computers operating system
Windows 10
To set up a static IP address on your PC using Windows 10, you must first go to the Ethernet Settings menu. In order to reach the Ethernet Settings window, enter "Change Ethernet Settings" in the Windows search field located next to Start in the bottom left corner of the screen and press Enter:
When in the Ethernet Settings window, click Change adapter options located under "Related settings":
When in the Network connections window, right-click on the Network connection associated with your Ethernet adapter and click Properties:
Next, click on Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4):
Check Use the following IP address and enter a static IP for your PC (e.g., 192.168.1.2); netmask - 255.255.255.0; gateway - 192.168.1.1:
To undo these changes, go back to the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) window and check Obtain an IP address automatically.
Linux
Please note that these instructions are for a Linux personal computer, not Teltonika Networks device. If you have already configured your computer's static IP, feel free to skip to the Bootloader menu part.
To set up a Static IP on a Linux OS, open the Terminal app and enter the ifconfig command. The ifconfig command provides information on network interfaces. Find the Ethernet interface and memorize its name, which should be located on the left side of the table:
Next, enter this command into the terminal:
sudo ifconfig if_name ip_addr up
Replace if_name with the name of your Ethernet interface and ip_addr with the IP address that you want. Following from the example above the full command would look like this:
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.2 up
After this you PC's IP address should have been changed. To check, enter the ifconfig command again and check to see if the Ethernet interface has the IP that you assigned:
To undo the changes use these two commands one after the other:
sudo dhclient eth0 -r sudo dhclient eth0
Replace eth0 with the name of your Ethernet interface.
macOS
To set up a Static IP on a macOS follow the steps, you must first press "Apple" logo button in the top left corner and select "System Preferences...".
When in the System Preferences window, click Network:
Next, on the left side of Network settings window, right-click on the Network connection associated with your Ethernet adapter and on the right side of Network settings window select Manually in the "Configure IPv4:" option field:
Finally, enter a static IP for your PC (e.g., 192.168.1.1) and Subnet mask - 255.255.255.0 then press "Apply" for saving the changes:
Next, you'll need to reach the router's Bootloader menu. To do so, unplug the router's Power Supply Unit (PSU) and leave only one LAN Ethernet port plugged in (for your computer). The other LAN ports and the WAN Ethernet port have to remain unplugged for the duration of the following procedure.
Press and hold the Reset button. Plug the Power Supply back in while holding the Reset button. After plugging in the Power Supply, hold the Reset button for 5-8 sec. After this, all LAN port LEDs should start blinking.
Now you can enter the Bootloader menu. Open your web browser and enter your router's IP address into the URl field (192.168.1.2 for managed switches, 192.168.1.1 for every other device) and add /index.html at the end (192.168.1.1/index.html). This may not work if you have connected to the router's WebUI at least once before, since the URL's path may be cached. To solve this problem you can clear the browser's cache or, more simply, open the browser in a mode that doesn't cache browsing information. On Google Chrome it's called Incognito and can be reached by pressing ctrl+shift+n; on Mozilla Firefox it's called Private Browsing and can be reached by pressing ctrl+shift+p; on Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer it's In Private, can be reached by pressing ctrl+shift+p.
Once you are in the Firmware upgrade window, upload the Firmware image and click the Update firmware button:
After this you should be greeted with a window such as this:
This means that the upgrade has started and you can close the browser window. The update itself takes a few seconds but the router will restart afterwards. The entire process before the router becomes reachable again will take 2-3 minutes.
IMPORTANT NOTE: don't forget to change back your PC's IP address because it might cause problems when connecting to other devices or no internet access if you haven't specified any DNS servers manually.
Firmware download
You can download device-specific firmwares from FW & SDK Downloads page.
See also
- Bootloader upgrade instructions:
- Bootloader firmware upgrade instructions for specific device series: