IPsec site to site configuration between Teltonika and Fortinet devices

From Teltonika Networks Wiki

The information in this page is updated in accordance with 00.07.07.2 firmware version.

Introduction

Normally we configure IPsec for LAN-to-LAN communication, also known as split-tunnel VPN, when only specific hosts or subnets should be reachable via a VPN tunnel. However, we may also take a different approach and configure a VPN tunnel using the full tunnel method. This means that any non-directly connected network (i.e. lan interface) will be reachable only via IPsec tunnel and not via the typical default route.

Configuration overview and prerequisites

Before we begin, let's look at the configuration we are attempting to achieve and the prerequisites that make it possible.

Prerequisites:

  • One RUT/RUTX series router or TRB gateway with RUTOS firmware;
  • One Fortinet series router;
  • An end device (PC, Laptop) for configuration;

If you're having trouble finding this page or some of the parameters described here on your device's WebUI, you should turn on "Advanced WebUI" mode. You can do that by clicking the "Advanced" button, located at the top of the WebUI.

Networking rutos manual webui basic advanced mode 75.gif

Topology

RUT – RUT will act as a hub. A hub is a server, to which our spoke will be connected (IPsec responder). It will be our "default gateway" for the spoke device. RUT has a LAN subnet of 192.168.1.0/24 and a WAN with Public IP, which should be reachable by the spoke.

Fortinet – Fortinet will act as a spoke. A spoke is a client, that will be connected to the hub (IPsec initiator). It will be connected to a hub for basic internet access. Fortinet has a LAN subnet of 192.168.5.0/24 and a WAN with private IP.

TopologijaIPsecPublicRutSingleLAN.png

Site to site configuration

This section provides a guide on how to configure a successful site to site IPsec vpn connection between RUT and Fortinet devices.

Fortinet configuration

Start by configuring the Fortinet device. Login to the WebUI, navigate to 1. VPN → 2. IPsec Tunnels → 3. Create new → 4. IPsec Tunnel → 5. Your desired name → 6. Template type: Custom → 7. Click on the button next.

Fortinet Firewall create new.png
Fortinet Firewall type next v2.png

Note: Not specified fields can be left as is or changed according to your needs.

Network configuration

Configure everything as follows. Make the following changes:

  1. Remote Gateway – Static IP Address;
  2. IP Address – RUT public IP;
  3. Interface – wan1;
Fortinet IPsec network public ip.png

Authentication configuration

Make the following changes:

  1. Method – Pre-shared Key;
  2. Pre-shared Key – your desired password;
  3. Version – 2;
Fortigate IPsec Authentication Configuration.png

Phase 1 Proposal configuration

Note: This is only an example of a secure configuration. Other algorithms or even combinations of them could be used. However, we strongly recommend refraining from using older encryption and hashing algorithms unless support for certain legacy systems is required.

Make the following changes:

  1. Encryption – AES256;
  2. Authentication - SHA512;
  3. Diffie-Hellman Group – 16;
  4. Key Lifetime (seconds) – 86400;
Fortigate IPsec Phase1 Proposal Configuration.png

Phase 2 Selectors configuration

Note: This is only an example of a secure configuration. Other algorithms or even combinations of them could be used. However, we strongly recommend refraining from using older encryption and hashing algorithms unless support for certain legacy systems is required.

Make the following changes: Click on Advanced settings;

  1. Encryption – AES256;
  2. Authentication - SHA512;
  3. Diffie-Hellman Group – 16;
  4. Key Lifetime – Seconds;
  5. Seconds – 86400;
Fortigate IPsec Phase2 Proposal Configuration.png

Firewall configuration

After setting up our IPsec instance, we will need to configure our firewall accordingly. Navigate to Policy & Objects → Firewall Policy → and click on a Create new button.. Configure everything as follows.

In this example, we are allowing all types of traffic through the tunnel, but you can restrict certain traffic by specifying the services that are allowed via the tunnel.

Make the following changes:

  1. Incoming interface - lan;
  2. Outgoing interface - IPsec tunnel interface name (In this case it is Teltonika);
  3. Source - 192.168.5.0/255.255.255.0;
  4. Destination - 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0;
  5. Service - ALL;
  6. NAT disabled;
Fortinet IPsec Firewall Forti to RUT v2.png

Then create a second firewall rule. Make the following changes:

  1. Incoming interface - IPsec tunnel interface name (In this case it is Teltonika);
  2. Outgoing interface - lan;
  3. Source - 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0;
  4. Destination - 192.168.5.0/255.255.255.0;
  5. Service - ALL;
  6. NAT disabled;
Fortinet IPsec Firewall RUT to Forti v2.png

Our firewall should look like this:

Fortinet Firewall ipsec configuration overall v2.png

Static Routes configuration

After setting up our IPsec instance and firewall, we will need to configure our static route accordingly. Navigate to Network → Static routes → and click on a Create new button.. For that we will need to create two static routes, one for blackhole and one for accessing our RUT device, configure everything as follows.

Make the following changes:

Fortinet IPsec Add route tunnel.png
  1. Destination - 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0;
  2. Interface - Tunnel interface name (In this case it is Teltonika);

Then create a new static route for blackhole. Make the following changes:

Fortinet IPsec Add route to blackhole.png
  1. Destination - 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0;
  2. Interface - Blackhole;
  3. Administrative distance - 254;

RUT configuration

Start by configuring the RUT device. Login to the WebUI, navigate to Services → VPN → IPsec and add a new IPsec instance. Configure everything as follows. Note: Not specified fields can be left as is or changed according to your needs.

Instance configuration

Make the following changes:

  1. Enable instance;
  2. Authentication method - Pre-shared key;
  3. Pre-shared key - the same password you have set on Fortinet when configuring the Fortinet IPsec instance;
  4. Local identifier – RUT LAN IP;
  5. Remote identifier – %any;
Rut IPsec configuration instance site to site.png

Connection general section configuration

Make the following changes:

  1. Mode - Start;
  2. Type - Tunnel;
  3. Local subnet – 192.168.1.0/24;
  4. Remote subnet – 192.168.5.0/24;
  5. Key exchange - IKEv2;
Rut IPsec configuration connection general site to site.png

Proposal configuration

Note: This is only an example of a secure configuration. Other algorithms or even combinations of them could be used. However, we strongly recommend refraining from using older encryption and hashing algorithms unless support for certain legacy systems is required.

Make the following changes:

Networking webui manual IPsec configuration proposal phase1 settings v1.png
  1. Encryption - AES256;
  2. Authentication - SHA512;
  3. DH group - MODP4096;
  4. IKE lifetime - 86400s.
Networking webui manual IPsec configuration proposal phase2 settings v1.png
  1. Encryption - AES256;
  2. Authentication - SHA512;
  3. PFS group - MODP4096;
  4. Lifetime – 86400s;

Site to site configuration with multiple LANs

This section provides a guide on how to configure a successful site to site IPsec vpn connection between RUT and Fortinet devices with multiple LANs. Here is the list of LANs with their subnets:

  • Fortinet:
    • LAN1: 192.168.5.0/24 with default gateway 192.168.5.99
    • LAN2: 192.168.4.0/24 with default gateway 192.168.4.99
  • RUT:
    • LAN1: 192.168.1.0/24 with default gateway 192.168.1.1
    • LAN2: 192.168.2.0/24 with default gateway 192.168.2.1

Fortinet configuration

As for the configuration of IPsec tunnel, everything is the same, only the Phase 2 Selectors, Firewall and static route sections will be configured additionally, so for other sections refer to the guide site to site.

Phase 2 Selectors configuration

Fortinet IPsec Phase2 Selectors Multiple lan.png

Make the following changes: Steps 7 8 9 10 are the same for all selectors.

  1. Phase 2 interface - Fortinet LAN1 to RUT LAN2;
  2. Phase 2 interface - Fortinet LAN2 to RUT LAN1;
  3. Phase 2 interface - Fortinet LAN2 to RUT LAN2;
  4. Phase 2 interface – Fortinet LAN1 to RUT LAN1;
  5. Local address - Write accordingly with the Fortinet LAN;
  6. Remote address - Write accordingly with the RUT LAN;
  7. Encryption – AES256;
  8. Authentication - SHA512;
  9. Diffie-Hellman Group – 16;
  10. Seconds – 86400;

Static route configuration

After setting up our IPsec instance and firewall, we will need to configure our static route accordingly. Navigate to Network → Static routes → and click on a Create new button. For that we will need to create four static route interfaces, two for blackholes and two for accessing our RUT device LAN1/LAN2, configure everything the same as for site to site, just add the LAN2. It should look like this:

Fortinet static route general.png

Testing the configuration

If you have followed all the above steps, your configuration should be finished. But as with any other configuration, it is always wise to test the setup in order to make sure that it works properly.

Using the ipsec status or we can use ipsec statusall command for a more verbose output. With these commands we can see that the IPsec tunnel is successfully established on RUT router. The command output on a RUT device:

Networking ssh manual IPsec configuration IPsec statusall test v1.png

Also, we should be able to ping Fortinet device, we can check it out by executing this command via command line on RUT device: ping 192.168.5.99:

Networking ssh manual IPsec configuration test ping v1.png

To check if IPsec tunnel is working properly from Fortinet, we can try pinging our RUT device by using this command in command line interface on Fortinetexec ping 192.168.1.1, if you are not able to ping RUT device, try changing the source interface from which we try pinging, by executing this command exec ping-options source 192.168.5.99:

Fortinet IPsec test ping.png

We can also check if IPsec tunnel is working properly from Fortinet WebUI, navigate to VPN → IPSec Tunnels and there you will see if the tunnel is working:

Fortinet IPsec WebUI tunnel status.png

See also

IPsec on Teltonika Networks devices

External links

OpenWrt Ipsec basics

Fortinet Ipsec configuration

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