OSPF Route Failover: Difference between revisions

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<p style="color:red">The information on this page is updated in accordance with the [https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/FW_%26_SDK_Downloads'''00.07.08'''] firmware version.</p>
==Summary==
==Summary==


In this example we will setup redundant links using dynamic routing where 2 routers will be connected using multiple links directly – Main WAN and two Backup WANs in order to make sure LAN devices on each end would be available in case Main links fail.  
In this example we will setup redundant links using dynamic routing where 2 routers will be connected using multiple links directly – Main WAN and two Backup WANs in order to make sure LAN devices on each end would be available in case Main links fail.


==Configuration Overview & Prerequisites==
== Configuration Overview & Prerequisites==


For this example, we will need two routers with 3 separate WAN interfaces. It can either be Wired links or Private Mobile networks. In this example we will use 3 wired links for the simplicity of testing. However, there can be other variations, such as 1 Wired link and 2 Mobile links.
For this example, we will need two routers with 3 separate WAN interfaces. It can either be Wired links or Private Mobile networks. In this example we will use 3 wired links for the simplicity of testing. However, there can be other variations, such as 1 Wired link and 2 Mobile links.


Each WAN on both ends has to be in the same private network. In other words:
Each WAN on both ends has to be in the same private network. In other words:
*RUT1 WAN1 interface must be able to reach RUT2 WAN1 interface;
*Router1 WAN1 interface must be able to reach Router2 WAN1 interface;
*RUT1 WAN2 interface must be able to reach RUT2 WAN2 interface;
* Router1 WAN2 interface must be able to reach Router2 WAN2 interface;
*RUT1 WAN3 interface must be able to reach RUT2 WAN3 interface.
*Router1 WAN3 interface must be able to reach Router2 WAN3 interface.


==Network Topology==
==Network Topology==


[[File:OSPF Route Failover Topology v1.png|center]]
[[File:OSPF_WAN_TOPOLOGY_1.png|center|1100px]]


==Configuring Routers==
==Configuration Example==
We will not go too deep into basics. Assuming we already have VLANs set up to have three different links between routers according to the topology as well as failover between them enabled, we can jump straight into configuring dynamic routes using OSPF.


OSPF can be configured in WebUI, by navigating to Network > Routing > Dynamic Routing > OSPF.
===Router 1 Configuration===
Note: if dynamic routing is not available in WebUI, you can install an additional package by navigating to Services > Package Manager.
----
====VLAN Configurtion====
----
Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to '''Network → VLAN → Port Based''' configuration:
 
=====Port based VLAN=====
----
Add new VLANs by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to 3 new VLANS:
 
# VLAN ID: '''192''' | lan1: '''Untagged''' | Lan2: '''Off'''      | Lan3: '''Off'''     
# VLAN ID: '''10''' | lan1: '''Off'''      | Lan2: '''Untagged'''  | Lan3: '''Off'''     
# VLAN ID: '''172''' | lan1: '''Off'''      | Lan2: '''Off'''      | Lan3: '''Untagged'''
 
[[File:OSPF_WAN_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|1100px]]
 
====WAN Interface Configurtion====
----
Open router‘s '''WebUI''' and navigate to '''Network → WAN → WAN interfaces''' configuration:
====Creating And Configuring WAN 1 Interface====
----
Add new WAN by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:
=====General Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Enter Name: '''Wan1Main'''
# Select Protocol: '''Static'''
# Enter IPv4 address: '''192.168.110.1'''
# Enter IPv4 net mask: '''255.255.255.252'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER1_WAN1_General.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]
=====Physical Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Select interface: '''eth0.192'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN1_Physical.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]
 
 
====Creating And Configuring WAN 2 Interface====
----
Add new WAN by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:
=====General Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Enter Name: '''Wan2Backup'''
# Select Protocol: '''Static'''
# Enter IPv4 address: '''10.0.110.1'''
# Enter IPv4 net mask: '''255.255.255.252'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER1_WAN2_General.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]
 
=====Physical Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Select interface: '''eth0.10'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN2_Physical.png|border|class=tlt-border|center]]
 
====Creating And Configuring WAN 3 Interface====
----
Add new WAN by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:
=====General Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Enter Name: '''Wan3Backup'''
# Select Protocol: '''Static'''
# Enter IPv4 address: '''172.16.110.1'''
# Enter IPv4 net mask: '''255.255.255.252'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER1_WAN3_General.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]
 
=====Physical Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Select interface: '''eth0.172'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN3_Physical.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]
 
====OSPF Configuration====
----
Open router‘s '''WebUI''' and navigate to '''Network → Routing → Dynamic routes → OSPF''' configuration:
=====OSPF - Global Settings=====
----
Make following changes:
# Enable Service: '''on'''
# Enable Vty: '''on'''
# Enter Router ID: '''192.168.110.1'''
# Select External Route: '''Default'''
# Select Redistribution Options: '''Connected'''
[[File:OSPF_GLOBAL_ROUTER1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]
 
=====OSPF interfaces=====
----
Add new OSPF interface for each WAN interface created by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]]
 
Make following changes to new interfaces:
# Select Interface: '''eth0.192 (WanMAIN)''' | Enable Interface: '''on'''
# Select Interface: '''eth0.10 (Wan2Backup)''' | Enable Interface: '''on'''
# Select Interface: '''eth0.172 (Wan3Backup)''' | Enable Interface: '''on'''
 
[[File:OSPF_INTERFACES_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]
 
=====OSPF area=====
----
Add new OSPF area for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]]
 
Make following changes to the areas:
# Name: '''First''' | Area: '''1005''' | Stub: '''off''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''Second''' | Area: '''1004''' | Stub: '''off''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''Third''' | Area: '''1003''' | Stub: '''off''' | '''on'''
[[File:OSPF_AREA_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]
 
=====OSPF networks=====
----
Add new OSPF network for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]]
 
Make following changes to the netwroks:
# Name: '''WAN1''' | Network: '''192.168.110.0/30''' | Area: '''First''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''WAN2''' | Network: '''10.0.110.0/30''' | Area: '''Second''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''WAN3''' | Netwrok: '''172.16.110.0/30''' | Area: '''Third''' | '''on'''
[[File:OSPF_NETWORKS_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]
 
===Router 2 Configuration===
----
 
 
====VLAN Configurtion====
----
Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to '''Network → VLAN → Port Based''' configuration:
 
=====Port based VLAN=====
----
Add new VLANs by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to 3 new VLANS:
 
# VLAN ID: '''192''' | lan1: '''Untagged''' | Lan2: '''Off'''      | Lan3: '''Off'''     
# VLAN ID: '''10''' | lan1: '''Off'''      | Lan2: '''Untagged'''  | Lan3: '''Off'''     
# VLAN ID: '''172''' | lan1: '''Off'''      | Lan2: '''Off'''      | Lan3: '''Untagged'''
 
[[File:OSPF_WAN_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|1100px]]


===OSPF - General settings===
====WAN Interface Configurtion====
----
Open router‘s '''WebUI''' and navigate to '''Network → WAN → WAN interfaces''' configuration:
=====Creating And Configuring WAN 1 Interface=====
----
Add new WAN by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:
=====General Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Enter Name: '''Wan1Main'''
# Select Protocol: '''Static'''
# Enter IPv4 address: '''192.168.110.2'''
# Enter IPv4 net mask: '''255.255.255.252'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN1_General.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]
=====Physical Settings=====
----
----
Make the following changes:
# Select interface: '''eth0.192'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN1_Physical.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]


#Enable Service
====Creating And Configuring WAN 2 Interface====
#Enable vty
----
#Set Router ID (Can be set to any number or IP address)
Add new WAN by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:
#Set ''"Generate a default" external'' route as '''''Default'''''
=====General Settings=====
#Select '''''Connected''''' in ''"Redistribution options"''
----
Make the following changes:
# Enter Name: '''Wan2Backup'''
# Select Protocol: '''Static'''
# Enter IPv4 address: '''10.0.110.2'''
# Enter IPv4 net mask: '''255.255.255.252'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN2_General.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]


===OSPF Interface settings===
=====Physical Settings=====
----
----
Make the following changes:
# Select interface: '''eth0.10'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN2_Physical.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]


#Add 3 new interfaces for wan, WAN2 and WAN3
====Creating And Configuring WAN 3 Interface====
#(Optional) Set interface priorities and custom dead times
----
#Leave other settings as default
Add new WAN by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]] and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:
=====General Settings=====
----
Make the following changes:
# Enter Name: '''Wan3Backup'''
# Select Protocol: '''Static'''
# Enter IPv4 address: '''172.16.110.2'''
# Enter IPv4 net mask: '''255.255.255.252'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN3_General.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]


===OSPF Area settings===
======Physical Settings======
----
----
Make the following changes:
# Select interface: '''eth0.172'''
[[File:OSPF_ROUTER2_WAN3_Physical.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]


#Create 3 new instances with different Area codes and enable them:
====OSPF Configuration====
##1005
----
##1004
Open router‘s '''WebUI''' and navigate to '''Network → Routing → Dynamic routes → OSPF''' configuration:
##1003
=====OSPF - Global Settings=====
----
Make following changes:
# Enable Service: '''on'''
# Enable Vty: '''on'''
# Enter Router ID: '''192.168.110.2'''
# Select External Route: '''Default'''
# Select Redistribution Options: '''Connected'''
[[File:OSPF_GLOBAL_ROUTER2.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]


===OSPF Networks settings===
=====OSPF interfaces=====
----
----
Add new OSPF interface for each WAN interface created by clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]]
Make following changes to new interfaces:
# Select Interface: '''eth0.192 (WanMAIN)''' | Enable Interface: '''on'''
# Select Interface: '''eth0.10 (Wan2Backup)''' | Enable Interface: '''on'''
# Select Interface: '''eth0.172 (Wan3Backup)''' | Enable Interface: '''on'''


#Add new instance, Network: 192.168.110.0/24; Assign first area
[[File:OSPF_INTERFACES_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center| 1100px]]
#Add new instance, Network: 10.0.110.0/24; Assign second area
#Add new instance, Network: 172.16.110.0/24; Assign third area


===Second router===
=====OSPF area=====
----
----
Add new OSPF area for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]]
Make following changes to the areas:
# Name: '''First''' | Area: '''1005''' | Stub: '''off''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''Second''' | Area: '''1004''' | Stub: '''off''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''Third''' | Area: '''1003''' | Stub: '''off''' | '''on'''
[[File:OSPF_AREA_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]


Second router should be configured analogously as the first router.
=====OSPF networks=====
----
Add new OSPF network for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking [[File:Add Button.png|40x70px]]


OSPF will now set routes dynamically depending on availability of the connected links, therefore if Main link fails, traffic will route through a backup link.
Make following changes to the networks:
# Name: '''WAN1''' | Network: '''192.168.110.0/30''' | Area: '''First''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''WAN2''' | Network: '''10.0.110.0/30''' | Area: '''Second''' | '''on'''
# Name: '''WAN3''' | Netwrok: '''172.16.110.0/30''' | Area: '''Third''' | '''on'''
[[File:OSPF_NETWORKS_1.png|border|class=tlt-border|center|1100px]]


==Testing Configuration==
==Configuration Testing==


If everything was set up correctly, we should see routes to the second network through the main link in the routing table:
If everything was set up correctly, we should see routes to the second network through the main link in the routing table:
[[File:OSPF Route failover routing table main v1.png]]


Let us simulate Main link failure by disconnecting the cable and see how that affects routes to the second network:
Let us simulate Main link failure by disconnecting the cable and see how that affects routes to the second network:
[[File:OSPF Route failover routing table backup v1.png]]


As we can see, dynamic routing automatically switched to the next available route.
As we can see, dynamic routing automatically switched to the next available route.


===Testing communication between LAN devices===
===Testing Communication Between LAN Devices===
----
----


Let us connect a LAN device to each of the routers and see if they can communicate with each other, for this example, we will connect a laptop to the first router and RUT240 to the second router:
Let us connect a LAN device to each of the routers and see if they can communicate with each other, for this example, we will connect laptop to the first router and another laptop to the second router:
*Laptop IP: 192.168.1.220
*Laptop 1 IP: '''''192.168.1.220'''''
*RUT240 IP: 192.168.2.5
*Laptop 2 IP: '''''192.168.2.5'''''
 
Let us run a ping command from the first laptop to the second and disconnect the Main link cable midway through:
 
[[File:OSPF Route failover ping testing v1.png]]
 
We can see that after a short delay, laptop on the second router continued communication, which means dynamic routes are being set correctly.
 
==External links==
 
#https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/VLAN_Set_Up

Latest revision as of 12:41, 28 August 2024

The information on this page is updated in accordance with the 00.07.08 firmware version.

Summary

In this example we will setup redundant links using dynamic routing where 2 routers will be connected using multiple links directly – Main WAN and two Backup WANs in order to make sure LAN devices on each end would be available in case Main links fail.

Configuration Overview & Prerequisites

For this example, we will need two routers with 3 separate WAN interfaces. It can either be Wired links or Private Mobile networks. In this example we will use 3 wired links for the simplicity of testing. However, there can be other variations, such as 1 Wired link and 2 Mobile links.

Each WAN on both ends has to be in the same private network. In other words:

  • Router1 WAN1 interface must be able to reach Router2 WAN1 interface;
  • Router1 WAN2 interface must be able to reach Router2 WAN2 interface;
  • Router1 WAN3 interface must be able to reach Router2 WAN3 interface.

Network Topology

Configuration Example

Router 1 Configuration

VLAN Configurtion

Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to Network → VLAN → Port Based configuration:

Port based VLAN

Add new VLANs by clicking and Make following changes to 3 new VLANS:

  1. VLAN ID: 192 | lan1: Untagged | Lan2: Off | Lan3: Off
  2. VLAN ID: 10 | lan1: Off | Lan2: Untagged | Lan3: Off
  3. VLAN ID: 172 | lan1: Off | Lan2: Off | Lan3: Untagged

WAN Interface Configurtion

Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to Network → WAN → WAN interfaces configuration:

Creating And Configuring WAN 1 Interface

Add new WAN by clicking and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:

General Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Enter Name: Wan1Main
  2. Select Protocol: Static
  3. Enter IPv4 address: 192.168.110.1
  4. Enter IPv4 net mask: 255.255.255.252
Physical Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Select interface: eth0.192


Creating And Configuring WAN 2 Interface

Add new WAN by clicking and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:

General Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Enter Name: Wan2Backup
  2. Select Protocol: Static
  3. Enter IPv4 address: 10.0.110.1
  4. Enter IPv4 net mask: 255.255.255.252
Physical Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Select interface: eth0.10

Creating And Configuring WAN 3 Interface

Add new WAN by clicking and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:

General Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Enter Name: Wan3Backup
  2. Select Protocol: Static
  3. Enter IPv4 address: 172.16.110.1
  4. Enter IPv4 net mask: 255.255.255.252
Physical Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Select interface: eth0.172

OSPF Configuration

Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to Network → Routing → Dynamic routes → OSPF configuration:

OSPF - Global Settings

Make following changes:

  1. Enable Service: on
  2. Enable Vty: on
  3. Enter Router ID: 192.168.110.1
  4. Select External Route: Default
  5. Select Redistribution Options: Connected
OSPF interfaces

Add new OSPF interface for each WAN interface created by clicking

Make following changes to new interfaces:

  1. Select Interface: eth0.192 (WanMAIN) | Enable Interface: on
  2. Select Interface: eth0.10 (Wan2Backup) | Enable Interface: on
  3. Select Interface: eth0.172 (Wan3Backup) | Enable Interface: on
OSPF area

Add new OSPF area for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking

Make following changes to the areas:

  1. Name: First | Area: 1005 | Stub: off | on
  2. Name: Second | Area: 1004 | Stub: off | on
  3. Name: Third | Area: 1003 | Stub: off | on
OSPF networks

Add new OSPF network for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking

Make following changes to the netwroks:

  1. Name: WAN1 | Network: 192.168.110.0/30 | Area: First | on
  2. Name: WAN2 | Network: 10.0.110.0/30 | Area: Second | on
  3. Name: WAN3 | Netwrok: 172.16.110.0/30 | Area: Third | on

Router 2 Configuration


VLAN Configurtion

Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to Network → VLAN → Port Based configuration:

Port based VLAN

Add new VLANs by clicking and Make following changes to 3 new VLANS:

  1. VLAN ID: 192 | lan1: Untagged | Lan2: Off | Lan3: Off
  2. VLAN ID: 10 | lan1: Off | Lan2: Untagged | Lan3: Off
  3. VLAN ID: 172 | lan1: Off | Lan2: Off | Lan3: Untagged

WAN Interface Configurtion

Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to Network → WAN → WAN interfaces configuration:

Creating And Configuring WAN 1 Interface

Add new WAN by clicking and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:

General Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Enter Name: Wan1Main
  2. Select Protocol: Static
  3. Enter IPv4 address: 192.168.110.2
  4. Enter IPv4 net mask: 255.255.255.252
Physical Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Select interface: eth0.192


Creating And Configuring WAN 2 Interface

Add new WAN by clicking and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:

General Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Enter Name: Wan2Backup
  2. Select Protocol: Static
  3. Enter IPv4 address: 10.0.110.2
  4. Enter IPv4 net mask: 255.255.255.252
Physical Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Select interface: eth0.10

Creating And Configuring WAN 3 Interface

Add new WAN by clicking and Make following changes to new interface configurtion:

General Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Enter Name: Wan3Backup
  2. Select Protocol: Static
  3. Enter IPv4 address: 172.16.110.2
  4. Enter IPv4 net mask: 255.255.255.252
Physical Settings

Make the following changes:

  1. Select interface: eth0.172

OSPF Configuration

Open router‘s WebUI and navigate to Network → Routing → Dynamic routes → OSPF configuration:

OSPF - Global Settings

Make following changes:

  1. Enable Service: on
  2. Enable Vty: on
  3. Enter Router ID: 192.168.110.2
  4. Select External Route: Default
  5. Select Redistribution Options: Connected
OSPF interfaces

Add new OSPF interface for each WAN interface created by clicking

Make following changes to new interfaces:

  1. Select Interface: eth0.192 (WanMAIN) | Enable Interface: on
  2. Select Interface: eth0.10 (Wan2Backup) | Enable Interface: on
  3. Select Interface: eth0.172 (Wan3Backup) | Enable Interface: on
OSPF area

Add new OSPF area for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking

Make following changes to the areas:

  1. Name: First | Area: 1005 | Stub: off | on
  2. Name: Second | Area: 1004 | Stub: off | on
  3. Name: Third | Area: 1003 | Stub: off | on
OSPF networks

Add new OSPF network for each WAN interface by entering the area name and clicking

Make following changes to the networks:

  1. Name: WAN1 | Network: 192.168.110.0/30 | Area: First | on
  2. Name: WAN2 | Network: 10.0.110.0/30 | Area: Second | on
  3. Name: WAN3 | Netwrok: 172.16.110.0/30 | Area: Third | on

Configuration Testing

If everything was set up correctly, we should see routes to the second network through the main link in the routing table:

Let us simulate Main link failure by disconnecting the cable and see how that affects routes to the second network:

As we can see, dynamic routing automatically switched to the next available route.

Testing Communication Between LAN Devices

Let us connect a LAN device to each of the routers and see if they can communicate with each other, for this example, we will connect laptop to the first router and another laptop to the second router:

  • Laptop 1 IP: 192.168.1.220
  • Laptop 2 IP: 192.168.2.5

Let us run a ping command from the first laptop to the second and disconnect the Main link cable midway through:

We can see that after a short delay, laptop on the second router continued communication, which means dynamic routes are being set correctly.

External links

  1. https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/VLAN_Set_Up
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